Long-trained Nightjar
Macropsalis forcipata
Males are spectacular with a very long black forked tail with white inner edges. Otherwise rather uniformly dark-brown above with gray and buff patches. Barred brown below with a large rufous neck patch. Females have a short, dark tail. Uncommon; found in humid forests, second growth, and forest borders.
识别特征
The male long-trained nightjar has extremely long outer tail feathers from which the species gets its name. It is 28 to 31 cm (11 to 12 in) long excluding those feathers, which are 48 to 68 cm (19 to 27 in) long. Both sex's upperparts are brown with spots and bars of grayish brown, tawny, buff, and cinnamon. The wings are similarly colored, with none of the white that others in family Caprimulgidae have. They have a broad tawny or tawny buff collar on the hindneck and a faint tawny patch on the throat. The breast is brown with tawny and buff bars and scallops, the belly and flanks buff with brown bars. The males elongated tail feathers have a broad white edge; the female's tail is darker and much shorter.
分类信息
Some authors have contended that the binomial Macropsalis creagra bestowed by Bonaparte in 1850 is correct, but consensus now is that the specific epithet forcipata has priority. The long-trained nightjar is the only member of its genus and is monotypic.
- 学名
- Macropsalis forcipata
- 命名信息
- (Nitzsch, 1840)
- 目
- Caprimulgiformes
- 科
- Caprimulgidae
- 属
- Macropsalis
分布与栖息地
The long-trained nightjar is found in southeastern Brazil from Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo south to Rio Grande do Sul and into Argentina's far northeasternmost province, Misiones. It has been recorded as a vagrant in Paraguay. It inhabits the interior and edges of primary and secondary forest and woodland. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 1,800 m (5,900 ft), and higher in the north than the south.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The long-trained nightjar has been recorded foraging by sallies from the ground, by hawking prey in flight, and by taking prey from leaves in flight. Its diet has not been detailed but is assumed to be insects.<p>The long-trained nightjar is thought to breed between November and January in most of its range. Males make a courtship display on the ground by raising their tail in a conspicuous white "V". Eggs are laid on the ground on leaf litter without a conventional nest; the site is often shaded by a bush. The female does most of the incubation.<p>Both sexes of long-trained nightjar make "a repetitive, high-pitched 'tsip, tsip, tsip, tsip' call."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Green Barbet
Cryptolybia olivacea
Chunky olive-green barbet. The head pattern varies geographically, from uniform olive-green, to olive-green with a yellow or buff ear patch, to black with a yellow ear patch. Found in the canopy of lowland and montane forest, often in the vicinity of fruiting trees. Sometimes perches out on dead trees, though otherwise inconspicuous. Call is a repeated, wooden “chak”. Similar overall coloration, but much larger than green tinkerbirds.
Yellow-vented Green-Pigeon
Treron seimundi
A rather dark green pigeon with black-tipped olive-green wings and a long needle-pointed tail. Both sexes have a white patch low on the belly and a lemon-yellow vent. Pin-tailed Green-Pigeon is similarly long-tailed, but lighter in color with warm tinges of yellowish-orange on the breast and brighter yellow wing feathers. Like many other green-pigeons, generally forages quite high in the forest canopy. Inhabits montane and foothill forests; occasionally in coastal lowlands. Generally uncommon to rare throughout its range. Gives a melodious, jumbled series of resonant and rather high-pitched cooing whistles.
Peruvian Plantcutter
Phytotoma raimondii
Scarce cotinga restricted to dry lowland forest in northwestern Peru. Male is gray with a reddish belly and forehead and white wingbars. Female is gray and buff with strong black streaking. Both sexes have a shaggy crest and a yellow eye. Found in areas with abundant mesquite and acacia trees, where it feeds mainly on leaves, buds, and other plant parts. It is usually first detected by its weird, buzzy calls that sound a lot like a kazoo.
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