Peruvian Wren
Cinnycerthia peruana
An accomplished songster found in cloud forest along the east slope of the Andes in northern and central Peru. Some birds are almost entirely brown with faint black barring on wings and tail. Other birds have a variable amount of white on the face and forehead. Plumage is very similar to Sharpe’s Wren, which overlaps with it in northern Peru but is found mainly at lower elevations. In the area of overlap, voice is the best way to separate the two species. Peruvian Wren is often encountered in large family groups that move together through the lower and middle levels of the forest. Pairs sing elaborate duets consisting of rich whistles and trills. They also give rapid, frantic rattles when agitated.
识别特征
The Peruvian wren is 15.5 to 16 cm (6.1 to 6.3 in) long and weighs 19.6 g (0.69 oz). The adults' upperparts are rich chestnut, with the crown and rump being redder. They have a variable amount of white on the face. The tail is also rich chestnut and has narrow black bars. The chin and throat are orange-brown and the chest, belly, and flanks are the same hue but darker. The juvenile is believed to resemble the adult but with no white on the face.
分类信息
What is now the Peruvian wren was formerly called sepia-brown wren and at that time included as subspecies what are now the species Cinnycerthia olivascens and C. fulva. Confusingly, after the split the name sepia-brown wren was transferred to C. olivascens by the International Ornithological Committee (IOC), but the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (SACC/AOS) and the Clements taxonomy call it Sharpe's wren. C. fulva is named fulvous wren.<p>The Peruvian wren is monotypic.
- 学名
- Cinnycerthia peruana
- 命名信息
- (Cabanis, 1873)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Troglodytidae
- 属
- Cinnycerthia
分布与栖息地
The Peruvian wren is found in the Andes of Peru between the departments of Amazonas and Ayacucho. It inhabits wet montane forest, secondary forest, and their edges. In elevation it ranges from 1,500 to 3,300 m (4,900 to 10,800 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Peruvian wren forages in groups that appear to be extended families. It usually feeds on or near the ground in vegetation and litter, but its diet has not been documented.<p>The Peruvian wren appears to have a protracted breeding season, base on the dates that occupied nests, newly hatched chicks, and fledglings have been observed. One nest has been described; it was a pouch with a down-facing entrance tunnel, constructed of rootlets, moss, and bamboo leaves, and suspended from a bamboo stem.<p>Peruvian wren pairs often sing in duet, "a magnificent series of rich trills and clear whistles" [1]. Its call is "a gravelly, chattering 'ch-d-d-d'" [2].
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Tufted Flycatcher
Mitrephanes phaeocercus
Conspicuous, small crested flycatcher of highlands and foothills. Attractive cinnamon underparts, obvious tufted crest, and behavior are distinctive. Occurs in woodlands, forests, and plantations; also ranges into semiopen areas with trees and bushes, mainly in winter. Typically perches conspicuously at middle to upper levels and makes fluttering sallies for insects, often returns to the same perch again and again. Listen for a cheery, doubled “chewee-chewee.”
Malaysian Plover
Anarhynchus peronii
Small pale plover, typically found on sandy beaches. Occasionally visits estuaries, seawalls, and mudflats as well. Very similar in all plumages to Kentish Plover, with which it occasionally mixes. Male is sandy brown with a black collar, pale face, and a rufous-and-black crown. Thinner collar and eye-line than Kentish Plover. Female and juvenile are similarly brown with a white collar and face. All plumages have diagnostically pale-fringed feathers which give the bird a worn, faded-out appearance; molting Kentish Plover may appear worn but not in such a uniform manner.
MacGillivray's Warbler
Geothlypis tolmiei
Chunky, skulking warbler that favors dense undergrowth. Yellow below and olive above with blue-gray head and chest. Blacker lores set off distinctive white arcs above and below eye. Adult males show darkest head; females and immatures have paler gray head and whitish throat. Found in thickets, clearcuts, open mixed forests, and riparian zones. Breeds primarily in mountainous regions of western North America; winters from Mexico to Costa Rica. Compare with Mourning Warbler, but little range overlap, and note longer tail and white eye-arcs on MacGillivray’s.
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