Racket-tipped Thorntail
Discosura longicaudus
Tiny hummingbird. Male mostly green with contrasting white belly; female green above and whitish below, speckled with green on throat and breast. Both sexes show buffy rump band. Males usually appear dark but are easily identified by small size and long, modified outer tail feathers; females told from other coquettes in range by speckled throat without buff tones. Rarely encountered. Found around flowering trees in rainforest and perhaps most readily seen along rivers. Local populations may fluctuate in abundance from one season to another. Like other coquettes, has fast, weaving flight reminiscent of a large insect, which may help it evade detection by larger hummingbirds whose territories it infiltrates to feed on nectar.
识别特征
The species weighs about 3.4 grams (0.12 oz) and is sexually dimorphic. The male is around 10.2 centimetres (4.0 in) long and has a distinctive brilliant green head and throat with a copper-coloured abdomen. The dark purple-brown tail is 5.1 centimetres (2.0 in) long, and forked, with two very long prongs, ending with a pair of round paddle- ("racket") shaped feathers. The female is shorter with a length of 6.9 centimetres (2.7 in). It has duller green upperparts and breast, black throat bordered by white and a white belly. Its tail is grey tipped with white, and lacks "rackets".
分类信息
The racket-tailed coquette was formally described in 1788 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae. He placed it with all the other hummingbirds in the genus Trochilus and coined the binomial name Trochilus longicaudus. Gmelin based his description on the "L'oiseau-mouche à raquettes" that had been described by the French polymath Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in 1779 in his Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux. Buffon did not specify the origin of his specimen but in 1902 Hans von Berlepsch and Ernst Hartert designated the type locality as Cayenne, French Guiana. The racket-tailed coquette is now placed with four other hummingbirds in the genus Discosura that was introduced in 1850 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte. Formerly, ornithologists erroneously used the binomial name Discosura longicauda instead of Discosura longicaudus. The genus name combines the Ancient Greek diskos meaning "plate" with oura meaning "tail". The specific epithet longicaudus combines the Latin longus meaning "long" and cauda meaning "tail". The species is treated as monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.<p>It is sometimes considered to be the only member of the genus Discosura, as the thorntails, the other possible members of the genus, are often placed in the genus Popelairia.<p>Martin Johnson Heade depicted two coquettes in his painting Two Green-Breasted Hummingbirds (c. 1863), as part of his "Gems of Brazil".
- 学名
- Discosura longicaudus
- 命名信息
- (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Discosura
分布与栖息地
The racket-tailed coquette generally is uncommon but it has a large distribution that is separated into two distinct parts: The largest is in the Guiana Shield of northern Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and southern Venezuela. The other is in a strip along coastal eastern Brazil. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests, as well as riparian forests.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
其他鸟类
Orange-billed Nightingale-Thrush
Catharus aurantiirostris
Small, plain-breasted thrush of tropical and subtropical woodland; mainly in foothills, but also in highlands. In winter many birds move to coastal lowlands of west Mexico. Feeds mainly on the ground, but also in fruiting bushes. Sings from low to middle level perches, usually well hidden. Unlike most thrushes, sings year-round, but less often in winter. Told from similar species by mostly to wholly orange bill, narrow orange eyering, and brighter pale legs. Song distinctive: slightly jerky and tinny.
Bearded Scrub-Robin
Tychaedon quadrivirgata
Pretty robin with a brown back, boldly marked face, and unstreaked rufous chest. Found in broadleaved woodland, moist savanna, and thickets. Shy bird that generally skulks in thick undergrowth. Song is a variable, musical series of whistles. Certain two-noted phrases can be repeated many times. Similar to Red-backed Scrub-Robin, but lacks white wings bars, and shows a rufous breast without streaks.
Mindanao Boobook
Ninox spilocephala
A fairly small owl of lowland forest on Mindanao. Dark brown on the head and upperparts with speckles on the wing, a reddish-brown chest, a white belly with thick reddish-brown streaking, and yellowish eyes. Similar to Chocolate Boobook, but Mindanao is much smaller and lacks any white on the chest. Song is a short three-noted phrase “boo-woo! boo!” with the first and second notes slurred.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。