Brown Trembler
Cinclocerthia ruficauda
A bright-eyed, hefty billed bird of forests and scrublands. Tends to hold its tail cocked up and wings drooped, especially when feeding. Typically appears almost entirely warm brown; dark above and paler below with some gray on head. Gray Trembler lacks the brown hues of Brown Trembler and has some degree of white below. White-breasted Thrasher has largely bright white underparts and a dark red eye (not yellow as in Brown Trembler). Song is a slow jumble of rich whistles and high-pitched sibilant notes. Calls include scattered whistles and harsh scolding notes.
识别特征
The nominate subspecies of brown trembler is 20.5 to 26 cm (8.1 to 10.2 in) long; males weigh 47.6 to 65.4 g (1.68 to 2.31 oz) and females 42.8 to 71 g (1.51 to 2.50 oz). The species has a long, slightly downcurved bill, the female's longer than the male's. Adults are mostly shades of brown. Their crown is a deep grayish brown, the nape less gray, the back an olive brown, and the rump and tail a reddish brown. The face is blackish through the eye with grayish olive brown cheeks. The chin and throat are pale grayish buff that becomes browner on the breast and belly. The sides and flanks are cinnamon. The juvenile is similar with faint dusky spots on the breast.<p>C. r. pavida is larger than the nominate but is otherwise similar. C. r. tenebrosa is also similar to the nominate, but its upperparts are darker and sootier and the breast more grayish. C. r. tremula is similar to tenebrosa but much larger.
分类信息
The taxonomy of genus Cinclocerthia is not fully resolved. The International Ornithological Committee (IOC) recognizes the brown trembler and the grey trembler (C. gutturalis). It divides the brown trembler into four subspecies, the nominate C. r. ruficauda, C. r. pavida, C. r. tremula, and C. r. tenebrosa. However, there is significant phylogenetic evidence that brown tremblers from Guadeloupe northwards may represent a separate species (C. tremula) from those on the other islands. Some authors consider tremula to be part of ruficauda
- 学名
- Cinclocerthia ruficauda
- 命名信息
- (Gould, 1836)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Mimidae
- 属
- Cinclocerthia
分布与栖息地
Subspecies C. r. pavida of the brown trembler is the most widely distributed; it is found in the northern Lesser Antilles from Saba south to Montserrat. C. r. tremula is restricted to Guadeloupe, the nominate C. r. ruficauda to Dominica, and C. r. tenebrosa to St. Vincent.<p>The brown trembler mostly inhabits humid evergreen forest but is also found in secondary forest and plantations. In elevation it ranges from sea level to about 900 m (3,000 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Yellow-legged Gull
Larus michahellis
The common large seagull of the Mediterranean and northwestern Africa, as well as the Azores and Canary Islands; uncommon to locally fairly common in northern Europe, mainly in late summer and autumn. Often occurs with flocks of much more numerous Herring Gull and Lesser Black-backed Gull, and, confusingly, appears somewhat intermediate between these species. Adult has medium-gray back (slightly darker than Herring Gull, paler than Lesser Black-backed) and yellowish legs (pink on Herring Gull). Immatures are much like Lesser Black-backed Gull and often not safely identified.
Senegal Eremomela
Eremomela pusilla
Small, fairly colorful bird with a typical warbler shape. The head is mostly gray, the upperparts olive-green, the upper breast whitish, and the belly and lower breast rich yellow. Found in lush woodland and savanna. An active, restless bird that is usually in small groups. Similar to Yellow-bellied Eremomela, but longer-tailed and brighter overall, with a greener back and yellow extending up onto the lower breast. The apalis-like song is a long series of low-pitched “whichew” notes, usually given at dawn. The calls include a short trill and low scratchy notes. These calls are often given in chorus by a whole group.
Solomons Rufous Fantail
Rhipidura rufofronta
Small, active songbird with long, pale-tipped tail and warm brownish-orange on the forehead, rump, and tail base. Varies throughout range in the Solomons; all are brown above and pale below, with a black-speckled breast. Birds on Uki Island stand out in having a black throat, while birds on Santa Ana and San Cristobal (Makira) average paler, brighter brown on the back. Inhabits wooded habitats from the coast up into the mountains. High-pitched, tinkling song often has a descending quality. Formerly grouped with other closely related species under “Rufous Fantail.”
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