White-fronted Woodpecker
Melanerpes cactorum
Medium-sized pied woodpecker. Has a white forehead and a yellow or white throat and is grayish below with a barred mantle and tail. Note the often-concealed red patch on the crown of the male, absent in females. Found in dry forests, gallery forests, and montane scrub, usually in association with cacti. Call is a nasal “weep-weep.”
识别特征
The adult white-fronted woodpecker is about 17 cm (7 in) in length. The sexes are similar in appearance except for a small patch of red, not always visible, on the crown in males. The crown, nape and upper parts are glossy black, apart from a thin white line running from a white nape patch down the centre of the back. A black mask surrounds the eye and extends to the mantle. The upper side of the wings is bluish-black, boldly barred with white, and the underside is browner. The upper side of the tail is black with white markings and the underside is browner. The fore-crown and cheeks are white, and the chin and throat are white, yellow or buff. The breast and belly are some shade of grey, with indistinct barring on the flanks and lower belly. The iris is reddish-brown, the beak greyish-black and the legs grey. Juveniles are similar to the adults but are generally a duller black, the underparts being more heavily barred, and both sexes having traces of red or orange on the mid-crown.
分类信息
- 学名
- Melanerpes cactorum
- 命名信息
- (d'Orbigny, 1840)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Picidae
- 属
- Melanerpes
分布与栖息地
The white-fronted woodpecker is native to central South America. Its range includes southeastern Peru, Bolivia, Uruguay, northern Argentina, Paraguay and southeastern Brazil. Its typical habitat is chaco, savannah and semi-desert with scattered trees, shrubs and cacti. It also occurs in palm groves, gallery forest and agricultural land with scattered trees. It lives at altitudes of up to 2,500 m (8,000 ft). It is a non-migratory, sedentary species.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Sultan Tit
Melanochlora sultanea
Highly social inhabitant of lowland forests, unlike any other tit in both size and coloration; coal-black with a bright yellow belly and sharply upswept crest. Closer in size to a medium-sized bulbul than to a Japanese or Coal Tit. Tends to stick to the canopy, where it readily associates with other species in mixed flocks. Very vocal, often giving squeaky, shrill calls. Song consists of repeated high-pitched whistles, sometimes with an inflected quality.
Green-backed Hillstar
Urochroa leucura
Large hummingbird with limited range on east slope of Andes from southern Colombia to Ecuador. Overall bronzy-greenish with blue throat. Very long, straight bill. Look for bold white flashes in tail, especially visible in flight. Could be confused with Lazuline or Napo Sabrewing, but note straighter bill and white tail. Uncommon; occasionally visits feeders but equally likely to be found within forest, especially around streams and waterfalls. Occurs from around 1,100 to 2,000 m.
Sharp-tailed Tyrant
Culicivora caudacuta
A handsome tiny flycatcher with a long spiky tail. Note the conspicuous broad white eyebrow and white chin. It has black-and-brown streaking down its back and rusty sides. Inhabits tall grasslands in the lowlands that are rarely disturbed; can be hard to spot in the tall vegetation. Not very vocal; the song is a series of weak and short “tweee tweee tweee” notes.
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