Green-backed Hillstar
Urochroa leucura
Large hummingbird with limited range on east slope of Andes from southern Colombia to Ecuador. Overall bronzy-greenish with blue throat. Very long, straight bill. Look for bold white flashes in tail, especially visible in flight. Could be confused with Lazuline or Napo Sabrewing, but note straighter bill and white tail. Uncommon; occasionally visits feeders but equally likely to be found within forest, especially around streams and waterfalls. Occurs from around 1,100 to 2,000 m.
识别特征
The green-backed hillstar is 13 to 14 cm (5.1 to 5.5 in) long including its approximately 3 cm (1.2 in) bill. It weighs about 8.7 g (0.31 oz). The sexes are alike, though the female is somewhate duller than the male. They have bronzy green upperparts with bronzy uppertail coverts, an iridescent blue throat and breast, and a dull gray belly. Their central tail feathers are bronzy and the others white with dusky gray outer edges. Juveniles are similar to adults with the addition of buffy fringes on the head feathers and a slight buffy malar streak.
分类信息
The green-backed hillstar and what is now the rufous-gaped hillstar (Urochroa bougueri) were once treated as a single species, the "white-tailed hillstar". (BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World retains the "white-tailed" name for the present species.) They are the only two members of their genus. Although they share the name "hillstar" with the members of genus Oreotrochilus, they are quite different and not closely related. The green-backed hillstar is monotypic.
- 学名
- Urochroa leucura
- 命名信息
- Lawrence, 1864
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Urochroa
分布与栖息地
The green-backed hillstar is found on the east slope of the Andes from southern Colombia through eastern Ecuador and disjunctly in northeastern Peru. It inhabits the interior and edges of mature montane forest and secondary forest, and also shrubby slopes, and is often found near streams. In Colombia and Ecuador it generally ranges between elevations of 1,600 and 2,800 m (5,200 and 9,200 ft), and is most numerous at about 1,800 m (5,900 ft). In Peru it is known only between 800 and 1,500 m (2,600 and 4,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Though the green-backed hillstar is generally sedentary, it makes some seasonal elevational movements.<p>The green-backed hillstar usually forages in the lower and middle strata of the forest but occasionally in the canopy. Males defend feeding territories at stands of flowering vegetation. It takes nectar mostly from plants of genera Inga, Bomarea, Psammisia, and Cavendishia. In addition to feeding on nectar it captures small insects by hawking from a perch.<p>The green-backed hillstar's breeding phenology has not been documented.<p>What is thought to be the green-backed hillstar's song is "a continuous series of single 'tseee', 'tsing' or 'seeuw' notes". It also makes "a liquid 'twit', repeated in long sequences.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Sladen's Barbet
Gymnobucco sladeni
Dark, chunky barbet with an odd tuft of buff feathers on its forehead. Usually found in small groups on and around dead trees in lowland rainforest, gallery forest, and secondary growth. Sometimes occurs alongside Gray-throated Barbet. The vocalizations include nasal “squeaky toy” calls and agitated dry rattles. Gray-throated Barbet also has a dark bill, but Sladen’s Barbet is separated from that species by its largely unfeathered head.
White-necked Raven
Corvus albicollis
Typical, heavy-billed raven, but with the unusual addition of a white wedge on the back of the neck. Flight is powerful and heavy; sometimes soars. Found in a variety of habitats in rocky or mountainous country. Usually in pairs or small flocks; feeds by walking along the ground. Call is a rough “krrraw.” Larger than Pied Crow, with a heavier bill and much less white. Similar to Thick-billed Raven, but shorter-tailed, smaller-billed, and with a more extensive white patch on the neck.
White-throated Treerunner
Pygarrhichas albogularis
Distinctive little bird of native temperate forests. Usually found in pairs or small groups, creeping along trunks and branches (like Northern Hemisphere nuthatches), mainly in canopy but sometimes lower down. Often travels in association with Thorn-tailed Rayaditos. Identified by shape and behavior, plus its contrasting white bib, dark head (lacks golden brow of rayadito), and bold white spots on belly.
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