Buffy Hummingbird
Leucippus fallax
Medium-sized brown-and-green hummingbird. Upperparts pale green, underparts warm buff; bill medium-sized; has dull white spot behind eyes and boldly white tipped, rounded tail. Locally fairly common; territorial. Restricted to desert scrub, dry forest edges, and mangroves in northern Venezuela and extreme northeastern Colombia. Ruby Topaz female similar but with rufous tail and shorter bill.
识别特征
The male and female buffy hummingbird are similar in appearance but the female tends to be less brightly coloured, and there is considerable variation in shade between individuals. The back and upper parts of the bird are a dull green, the underparts pale cinnamon-buff and the belly and undertail coverts white. The tail is dull green with a transverse grey bar and a rounded end. There is a white spot behind the eye and the beak is slender and straight. The upper mandible is black and the lower one pale with a black tip. The bird ranges from 8.5 to 9 cm (3.3 to 3.5 in) in length.
分类信息
The hummingbird is a member of the class Aves, the order Apodiformes, the family Trochilidae and the genus Leucippus.<p>This genus formerly included additional species. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Leucippus was polyphyletic. To resolve the polyphyly the Tumbes hummingbird and the spot-throated hummingbird were moved to the resurrected genus Thaumasius.
- 学名
- Leucippus fallax
- 命名信息
- (Bourcier, 1843)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Leucippus
分布与栖息地
The buffy hummingbird is found in Colombia, French Guiana, and Venezuela. Its natural habitats are desert shrubland, thorny shrubs in arid areas and mangrove areas at elevations of up to 500 metres (1,600 ft). It forages at medium heights and near the ground. It tends to feed near the canopy of the forests that it inhabits.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Hummingbirds are specialist feeders on nectar and the buffy hummingbird consumes the nectar of such plants as Agave and Hibiscus and various species of cacti. The hummingbird will protect the flower patches that it feeds from. This hummingbird is unusual in that it also consumes the exposed flesh and the juice of the fruits of cacti in the genus Armatocereus. This hummingbird also plays an important role in the pollination of flowers of Melocactus, carrying the pollen on its plumage as it moves from flower to flower sipping nectar. In addition to plant matter, the bird consumes insects, which it catches in flight.<p>The buffy hummingbird migrates over small distances. During December to April, a period marked by minimal rainfall, the bird is generally found in areas with heavy thorn tree populations.<p>Male buffy hummingbirds perform courtship by plummeting from the sky in an arc-like fashion. They also produce mating calls during their fall. Most buffy hummingbird nests are found between the months of May and November, so breeding is believed to occur during this period of time. The nest is cup-shaped and built on top of a low branch or in the fork of a bush. It is composed of the soft fibers of the tree cotton and decorated externally with bits of bark, lichen and leaf. Two eggs are laid.
保护状况
The total population size of the buffy hummingbird is unknown. However, it has a large range and there is no indication that the population of these hummingbirds is decreasing. Due to these factors, the bird is considered by the IUCN to be of "least concern".
- 种群趋势
- declining
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分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Kungwe Apalis
Apalis argentea
Plain apalis with gray upperparts and white underparts. Very localized and poorly known species of montane forest of the Albertine Rift. Often joins mixed-species flocks. Vocalizations are not well documented, but does give a single, repeated “trrik” note as well as a more two-part “tri-ka” note. Very similar to Gray Apalis, but separated by the paler head which lacks brown tones.
Gould's Toucanet
Selenidera gouldii
Beautiful small, multicolored toucan. Males have a black crown and underparts; in females, the black is replaced by chestnut. Note the black and orange patches on the bill. Inhabits lowland humid forest, seasonally flooded forest, gallery forest, and old second growth. Forages from middle levels to the canopy, usually in fruiting trees. Call is a deep and somewhat slow series of “ggrawnk” to “ggrraaw” notes, easily overlooked.
Large-billed Scrubwren
Sericornis magnirostra
Small brown bird with long pointed bill, long pinkish legs, and off-white eye ring. Inhabits rainforest and wet eucalypt woodlands, where it forages for insects mostly in lower and mid-canopy, often on tree trunks; unlikely to be seen on the ground.
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