Sooty Gull
Ichthyaetus hemprichii
Medium-sized elongated gull. Brown-gray overall with a long bill and dark underwings. Similar to White-eyed Gull, but with dark underwings. Slightly larger and heavier with browner adult plumage than White-eyed Gull. The bill on Sooty Gull is also thicker and clearly two-toned in all ages compared to White-eyed Gull. Coastal, breeds on islands and coral reefs.
分类信息
- 学名
- Ichthyaetus hemprichii
- 命名信息
- (Bruch, 1855)
- 目
- Charadriiformes
- 科
- Laridae
- 属
- Ichthyaetus
分布与栖息地
The sooty gull is native to the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, the Gulf of Oman, the Persian Gulf and its range extends as far east as Pakistan. It is also native to the east coast of Africa as far south as Tanzania and Mozambique. It occurs as a vagrant in India, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, Jordan, Lebanon, Israel and Bahrain. It is a coastal bird, seldom going further out to sea than about 10 km (6 mi) beyond coastal reefs although it has occasionally been seen 140 km (87 mi) from land. It frequents ports and harbours, the coast, inshore islands and the intertidal zone. It seldom moves inland or visits freshwater locations. It is nomadic or partially migratory and many populations move southwards after breeding, though Red Sea populations seem to be relatively sedentary.
- 繁殖区
- AF, PAL : islands of Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Socotra, nw Indian Ocean to ne Kenya, Persian Gulf and nw Arabian Sea to s Pakistan
- 非繁殖区
- to Gulf of Aqaba (se Israel) and c Tanzania and Zanzibar
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
The sooty gull is a predator and scavenger. It feeds on discarded fish and fish offal, other small fish that it catches itself, prawns, newly hatched turtles and the eggs and chicks of other sea birds.<p>Breeding takes place during the summer. It usually nests in small colonies on inshore coral islands, particularly outer islands protected by reefs with rock, sand and sparse vegetation. Nests are sometimes solitary, particularly in Africa, or may be scattered among the nests of other colonial sea birds. The nest may consist of a bare scrape in the coral in an exposed position or may be protected by a coral overhang or sheltered beneath a low-growing mangrove or a seepweed bush.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Black Tern
Chlidonias niger
Small tern with an entirely black body in breeding plumage with silvery wings. In the winter, their body is whitish-gray and they are not as conspicuous, but note small size, rather dark gray wings and rump, and black "helmet." Breeds in colonies in freshwater marshes and ponds. Builds a floating nest of plant matter. In migration and winter, often found in flocks. Feeds on insects and small fish.
Black-bellied Bustard
Lissotis melanogaster
A lithe, medium-sized bustard with black daubs on a mostly tan-colored back. The male has a black belly, neck stripe, throat, and face patch. The female is uniform buff-brown from the belly to the head. In flight, both sexes have white windows in the wings. Singles and pairs inhabit tall grassland and grassy savanna. Its strange display involves the male stretching his neck and making a frog-like “kwoork” croak, and as he retracts his head to the shoulders, follows with a “grrrr” growl and champagne-cork-like “pop” while his head lifts again. He also performs an aerial display with the wings held back rigidly and with a puffed throat exposed.
White-breasted Waterhen
Amaurornis phoenicurus
Medium-sized, fairly common chickenlike marsh bird found in meadows, ditches, riversides, marshes, as well as parks and farmlands in close proximity to humans; often seen foraging in the open. Adults are dark slaty above and white below, with a rusty patch under the tail. Juvenile similar but duller in color. Remarkably variable song is a series of hooting, grunting, or rasping notes or phrases, repeated monotonously, often from an exposed perch.
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