Ultramarine Flycatcher
Ficedula superciliaris
Incandescently beautiful male is resplendent in electric blue and snowy white. Female is dull gray-brown with paler underparts. Slight regional variation: “Western” males have a short white eyebrow and “Eastern” females have a faint rusty patch on the forehead. Male may be confused with Himalayan Bluetail, but lacks orange. Female is similar to females of Slaty-blue and Little Pied Flycatchers, but lacks any rufous tones on the tail. Breeds in hill and montane broadleaf and pine forests; descends into lower foothills in winter. Rarely heard song a complex series of whistles and chatters; more commonly heard is the call, a dry trilling chatter, sometimes preceded by a short whistle.
识别特征
Somewhat smaller in size than a sparrow (ca. 10 cm) and with a stocky build. The male is deep blue above, sides of head and neck are deep blue, and a prominent white patch runs from centre of throat, through breast to belly. The amount of white on the brow and tail show clinal variation from West to East along the Himalayan foothills, which is sometimes taken to distinguish three subspecies:<p>Usually singly, though sometimes in mixed hunting parties in the winter. Keeps largely to the low trees and bushes, feeding among the foliage canopy, not venturing much into the open. Constantly jerks up its tail, often accompanied by fluffing of head feathers and trrr note, especially in proximity of nest. Diet is mainly insects.
分类信息
Genus: Ficedula; Family: Muscicapidae; Order: Passeriformes.
- 学名
- Ficedula superciliaris
- 命名信息
- (Jerdon, 1840)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Muscicapidae
- 属
- Ficedula
分布与栖息地
Summer: Common breeding visitor to the western Himalayas, from Jammu and Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh to Uttarakhand (western race), and intergrading within Nepal with the eastern race Ficedula superciliaris aestigma which continues in the eastern Himalayas through Bhutan to Arunachal Pradesh. Breeding between 2000 and 2700 m, occasionally as low as 1800 m and as high as 3200 m. Also in the lower hills of Meghalaya and Nagaland, Khasi and Cachar hills, sometimes considered a third race; winter movements of this population are not known. Habitat: Open, mixed forests of oak, rhododendron, pine, fir, etc., occasionally orchards.<p>Winter: Central India from Delhi south to northern Maharashtra, Goa, and eastward to Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. Wintering populations in the eastern states, possibly from Nepal/Sikkim, are mixed: a good part of this population also have a white supercilium and basal tail patches (see description below). Also sometimes found as a vagrant in the northern part of Bangladesh.
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
Migration pattern: Complete migrants.
保护状况
Population trend: stable.
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Dark-crowned Heleia
Heleia dohertyi
A distinctive small songbird with olive upperparts, a bright yellow underside, and a diagnostic head pattern: chocolate-brown head crest with indistinct white flecking, black mark between the bill and the eye, and white brow. Singles, pairs, or small groups frequently join mixed-species flocks in forests, edges, and cultivated areas in lowlands and lower hills. Restricted to the Lesser Sundas. Vocalizations include soft chattering calls, thin “tsip” notes, harsh “kit-up” calls, and a complex warbled song comprising whistled and whipping notes.
Red-bellied Parrot
Poicephalus rufiventris
A chunky, mid-sized parrot with a big bill and a short tail. Males have a large orange patch on the underparts and underwings. Females are much plainer. Found in savanna and woodland habitat, often around fruiting trees, usually in pairs. The calls include screaming notes and quieter whistles. Similar to Meyer’s and Brown-headed Parrots, but males separated by the orange in their plumage, and females by their lack of a yellow underwing patch.
Elgon Francolin
Scleroptila elgonensis
A pretty, intricately marked medium-sized francolin with a brown back, rufous underparts, and a white throat bordered with black spots. The wings show large rufous patches in flight. Found at high elevations in alpine grassland and heath, often in small groups. Similar to Shelley’s Francolin, but found in different habitat at higher elevations, and separated by many details, including the more solidly rufous underparts without heavy black barring on the belly. The vocalizations include a series of “squee-chee” notes, and a squealing call often given in flight.
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