White-chinned Jacamar
Galbula tombacea
Similar to many other species of jacamar: mostly glittering emerald-green with a rufous belly, long tail, and long pointed bill. Sexes are similar; female has a paler belly. Found in northwestern Amazonia, where pairs occur in the lower to mid-levels of mature lowland forest, often around water. Namesake white chin is not super conspicuous but usually visible. Also note brownish crown. Most similar to Bluish-fronted Jacamar, but apparently no range overlap.
识别特征
The white-chinned jacamar is 19 to 23.5 cm (7.5 to 9.3 in) long and weighs 21.5 to 25 g (0.76 to 0.88 oz). The nominate male's crown is ash brown and the rest of the upper parts are a dark metallic bronzy green. It has a small white chin spot, a glittery green throat and chest, and a reddish chestnut belly and vent area. The female's belly is paler and ochraceous. G. t. mentalis has a larger white chin spot and the upper parts are a coppery bronze.
分类信息
The white-chinned jacamar and the rufous-tailed (Galbula ruficauda), bluish-fronted (G. cyanescens), coppery-chested (G. pastazae), and green-tailed jacamars (G. galbula) are considered to form a superspecies. The white-chinned jacamar has two subspecies, the nominate Galbula tombacea tombacea and G. t. mentalis.
- 学名
- Galbula tombacea
- 命名信息
- Spix, 1824
- 目
- Galbuliformes
- 科
- Galbulidae
- 属
- Galbula
分布与栖息地
The nominate subspecies of white-chinned jacamar is found east of the Andes from Colombia's Meta Department southeast through Ecuador's Napo Province and Peru's Department of Loreto into western Brazil south of the Amazon River as far as the tonantins area of Amazonas state. G. t. mentalis is found further east, along both banks of the Solimões (upper Amazon) River to its confluences with the Negro and Madeira Rivers.<p>The white-chinned jacamar inhabits shrubby borders and openings in terra firme, várzea, and gallery forest. In lower elevations it is often found along watercourses. In elevation it ranges up to 1,200 m (3,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Though the white-chinned jacamar's diet is assumed to include a variety of insects, only Hymenoptera have been recorded. It perches by itself or in pairs on exposed branches from which it sallies to catch its flying prey.<p>"No reliable information" is available about the white-chinned jacamar's breeding phenology.<p>The white-chinned jacamar's song is "an accelerating and rising series of “pee-pee-pee-pee-pe-pe-pe-pe’pe’pe’pe’e’e' notes" ending with a trill [1]. Its call is "keelip" or "peeup", often given in a series [2].
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Olivaceous Elaenia
Elaenia mesoleuca
Small nondescript flycatcher usually seen in pairs. Found in the interior and borders of forests. Olive-brown above and grayish breast with a pale belly. Note two wingbars and lack of a crest. Very similar to Small-billed Elaenia but has two (not three) wing bars and a darker breast. The song is harsh and squeaky “weel-weekru.”
Olive Oropendola
Psarocolius bifasciatus
Large, dark oropendola of mature rainforest. Olive green with reddish brown wings and a bright yellow tail. Bill is black with colorful pink patch at the base and an orange tip. More likely to be found in mature upland forest than the similar Russet-backed Oropendola of open habitats. Nests colonially, building large hanging nests in the crowns of tall trees in the canopy.
Olive Straightbill
Timeliopsis fulvigula
A small honeyeater of mid-montane forest. All over olive plumage, richer on the chest. Straight, dagger-shaped bill with a pale line along the inside edge and orange eye. Joins mixed-species flocks in which it forages for insects. Similar to scrubwren species, but Olive Straightbill is slightly larger with olive rather than brown plumage, a paler eye and sharper bill. Voice, an incessant scolding call given whilst foraging.
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