White-headed Robin-Chat
Cossypha heinrichi
A beautiful and distinctive robin-chat with a white head, orange underparts, and a brown back. The very long tail has a dark center and broad orange sides. A scarce bird that is only known from a few Central African sites. Found in the dense undergrowth of gallery rainforest. Often follows ant columns. The song is a complex, variable, and musical mix of whistles and other types of notes. The call is a plaintive rising whistle.
识别特征
The white-headed robin-chat is 22–23 cm (8.7–9.1 in) long and weighs 56–69 g (2.0–2.4 oz). The head and neck are white. The entirely white head is unique among the African robins. The mantle, back and scapulars are olive-brown, with the back and scapulars being greyer. The rump is rufous-orange. The central tail feathers are black, and the outer feathers are orange-rufous. The flight feathers and wing coverts are blackish brown, with olive-brown edges. The underwing coverts are grey. The underparts are rufous-chestnut or sienna. The beak is black, and the legs are grey or black. The female has a shorter tail than the male. The juvenile bird's head and breast are buffish-brown, and its back has orange-buff spots. It has browner underparts and brownish-grey legs. Juveniles moulting into first-year plumage have been observed in April and November.
分类信息
In 1954, Gerd Heinrich collected bird specimens in Angola, and the specimens were shipped to the Chicago Natural History Museum. Three of the specimens were white-headed robin-chats, and in 1955, Austin L. Rand described them as Cossypha heinrichi. The species is monotypic.
- 学名
- Cossypha heinrichi
- 命名信息
- Rand, 1955
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Muscicapidae
- 属
- Cossypha
分布与栖息地
In northern Angola, the white-headed robin-chat has only been recorded in two areas, including the type locality about 30 km (19 mi) north of Calandula. In the western Democratic Republic of the Congo, it has been recorded in Bombo-Lumene Forest Reserve and a few nearby sites. In Angola, the bird occurs in the undergrowth of gallery forests at an elevation of 1,250 m (4,100 ft), and it is sometimes found in savannas. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, it has been found in isolated patches of thick forest.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The white-headed robin-chat eats insects, foraging for driver ants on the ground and also catching insects in the air. Its song is repeated whistles that begin quietly and then become much louder. A high-pitched whistle has also been recorded. During observations in 2005, playback of its voice caused a "frantic" response. It often fans its tail. Its breeding is not well known. In Angola, observations suggest that the breeding season includes February, October and November. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, it breeds from September to November.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
其他鸟类
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Psarocolius angustifrons
A medium-sized oropendola; fairly common in lowlands but seems to be scarce in montane forest. Can occur up to around 2,500m in the Andes, where it is usually the only oropendola and unlikely to be confused. Generally olive overall with warmer rufous tones on back and rump. Variable bill color: dark blackish in the Amazonian lowlands; usually yellowish in Andes. Yellow outer tail feathers like other oropendolas. Typically in flocks that forage in the canopy, sometimes in mixed flocks with other oropendolas or caciques.
Short-crested Monarch
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A fairly small bird of lowland and foothill forest understory. Male has deep-blue upperparts, head, and chest and a white belly. Told from Black-naped Monarch by its black mark between the eye and bill and from Celestial Monarch by its shorter, bushy crest. Female is told from other monarchs by its gray-blue upperparts. Song is a series of clear piping notes, increasing in volume. Also gives a 2- to 3-note call of sharp rasping notes with the first note higher-pitched.
Tawny-breasted Tinamou
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Plump chickenlike bird found on the ground inside montane forest from extreme western Venezuela to extreme northern Peru. Dark brownish overall with a paler throat, messy vermiculation on the upperparts and flanks, and a warm tawny belly. Occurs from around 1,500m-3,200m, within forest. Very rarely seen. Listen for its song, a series of repeated querulous notes.
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