White-crested Coquette
Lophornis adorabilis
Tiny hummingbird with a funky hairdo. Male unmistakable with spiky white crest and dark green feathers that extend back from the side of the neck. Also note white chest, rufous belly, and white band across rump. Female similar to Black-crested Coquette, but look for rufous belly. Quite rare, with restricted range in lowlands and foothills of Costa Rica and western Panama. Can be found at all levels of forest and edge, but most often low, sometimes feeding at small purple flowers in gardens. Typically seen singly, but multiple individuals may gather at a productive flowering shrub.
识别特征
The white-crested coquette is about 7 cm (2.8 in) long and weighs about 2.7 g (0.095 oz). The adult male has a coppery bronze forecrown and lores, and the crown has an erect white crest. The nape and back are bronzy green; a white band separates the back from the purplish bronze rump and uppertail coverts. The tail is chestnut-rufous and the feathers have bronze edges. The throat and cheeks are glittering green and the latter have long wispy tufts. A white band separates the throat from the cinnamon-rufous breast, belly, and undertail coverts. Its bill is red with a black tip.<p>The adult female is generally duller than the male and lacks the crest and cheek tufts. Its face and forecrown are dusky bronze and the throat and chest white with bronzy green speckles. The tail is chestnut-rufous with a black band near the end. Its maxilla is black and the mandible red with a dark tip.<p>Immature males resemble the adult female but with a heavily green-flecked throat. Immature females resemble the adults with a less distinct band on the tail.
分类信息
At one time the white-crested coquette and the black-crested coquette (Lophornis helenae) were placed in genus Paphosia. The white-crested coquette is monotypic.
- 学名
- Lophornis adorabilis
- 命名信息
- Salvin, 1870
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Lophornis
分布与栖息地
The white-crested coquette is found on the Pacific side of southern Costa Rica and inland somewhat to the Cordillera Central, and on the Pacific slope of far western Panama. It inhabits the interior and edges of humid forests and taller secondary forest; it also occurs in more open landscapes like along hedgerows. In elevation it ranges from sea level to over 1,200 m (3,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The white-crested coquette appears to be somewhat nomadic, spending time in areas with many blooming trees and then disappearing.<p>The white-crested coquette feeds on nectar, which is mostly sought in the canopy but also at lower levels at forest edges and gardens. It hovers to feed on nectar and on small arthropods that it gleans from foliage.<p>The white-crested coquette breeds early in the dry season, between December and February. Males court with a side-to-side arcing flight facing a perched or hovering female. Females build a cup nest of plant down and cobweb covered with lichen and suspended from a branch. The site is often exposed and nests have been seen as high as 18 m (59 ft) above the ground. The clutch size is two eggs; fledging occurs 21 to 22 days after hatch.<p>The white-crested coquette makes a "[s]oft liquid tseping when feeding."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Northern Scrub-Flycatcher
Sublegatus arenarum
Confusing flycatcher, fairly small and nondescript. Look for the short bill and round head that can be raised into a slight crest. Dull grayish-brown head shows only a hint of a paler line above eye. Chest is paler gray, which contrasts with the pale yellow belly. Wingbars are present but not bold. Larger and lankier than a beardless-tyrannulet. Looks rather like a diminutive Myiarchus flycatcher. The clear whistled call is a good clue. Found singly or in pairs, usually in scrubby second growth.
Black-masked Finch
Coryphaspiza melanotis
Distinctive finch with a disjunct distribution. Males have an olive-green back with black streaks, and a contrasting face pattern with a broad white eyebrow and a black mask. Note the bicolored bill. Female lacks the bold head pattern. Inhabits well-preserved tall natural grasslands with scattered shrubs. Song is a very high, thin “tziieep...tsi-tsíp...zz-tzzz...”
Banded Yellow Robin
Eopsaltria placens
A medium-sized, localized bird of foothill forest. Orange legs, gray head and wings, olive back and chest band, bright yellow belly and incomplete collar from the lower throat around to the sides of the neck. Perches low down, motionlessly scanning the forest floor. Distinctive, but somewhat similar to Green-backed and White-faced Robins which both have white on the face. Song, a series of whistled notes “pwip! pyuu-pyuu-pyuu-pyuu-pyuu”. The first note rising followed by a gap, the followed by identical notes.
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