Many-colored Fruit-Dove
Ptilinopus perousii
A spectacular dove with a red crown and shawl, a white face, a yellow neck, a yellow back with gray chevrons, a gray uppertail, a red undertail, and a flecked red breast. Often found in pairs, but can gather in large groups at fruiting trees. Female similar to female Crimson-crowned Fruit-Dove, but has a less reddish cap and a darker green neck. Gives two commonly heard calls, a typical pigeon-like cooing phrase likened to the words “let it go, let it go,” and a series of cooing notes that rapid increases in speed like a marble dropped on a hard surface.
识别特征
It is a small dove, 23 cm (9.1 in) in length. Adults weigh in at 90 g (3.2 oz). The male is mostly pale yellow-white with a red crown and red bar across the back. The female is mostly green, darker on the back and greyer on the head and breast. Her crown is red while the undertail-coverts are red in Samoan birds and yellow in birds from Fiji and Tonga.<p>Male Ptilinopus perousii perousii is pale on the bottom and yellow on top. There is also a crimson band and corona. The female is said to resemble the purple-capped fruit dove; however, there is no yellow band. They have grey on the bottom while green on top. It only has a crimson corona unlike the male.
分类信息
The many-colored fruit dove is in the columbid family with the other doves and pigeons. It a fruit dove meaning it belongs to genus Ptilinopus. However, it is very far from most other doves and has no close relatives due to it being endemic to the South Pacific islands. The two subspecies are Ptilinopus perousii mariae and P. p. perousii. The mariae subspecies is found in Fiji and Tonga. <p>Its English name is literal: it is a many-colored dove that eats fruit. The Samoan name manuma means shy bird and comes from the Samoan words for bird and shame. Their Latin name comes from Captain Jean Francois de Galaup Comte de la Pérouse of the French navy, of whom explored the Pacific.
- 学名
- Ptilinopus perousii
- 命名信息
- Peale, 1849
- 目
- Columbiformes
- 科
- Columbidae
- 属
- Ptilinopus
分布与栖息地
Manuma are found across many islands and archipelagos across Polynesia with a range of 660,000 sq. km. They are most often found in Fiji and Tonga. They can be found in lowland subtropical and tropical broadleaf forests. In these forests, they are found in the canopies. They can also be found in urban areas. The manuma's fossil range is from 0.12 million years ago to today, exclusively in the quaternary.
- 迁徙
- Nomadic movement
行为
The many-colored fruit dove is a frugivore. It forages the canopies of trees in search of figs. On Samoa and American Samoa it is mostly the banyan. This strict diet keeps the two fig species in check; however, any decline in the amount of figs may be a disaster for the many-colored fruit dove. However, on Fiji and Tonga, manuma are known to eat fruits of ylang ylang (Cananga odorata), bishop wood (Bischofia javanica), and māgele (Trema cannabina).: 105, 128 <p>Manuma are often found in small flocks. In each flock there are normally more males than females.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Ruddy Tody-Flycatcher
Poecilotriccus russatus
A small, charismatic bird of tepui highland forests. Note orange-rufous face and breast, short tail, and bold wing bars. Found only at higher elevations (above 1000 meters) in understory of humid forest with lush growth of mosses and epiphytes; usually in pairs that may join mixed-species flocks but are often found away from them. Forages deliberately, making short flights between perches and peering about for insect prey. Voice is a hollow, rolling purr, descending in pitch and usually preceded by one or two short notes; it is given intermittently and often in duet by a pair. A distinctive bird and unlikely to be confused with other species in its limited range.
White-eared Myza
Myza sarasinorum
A medium-sized brownish songbird with a conspicuous, diagnostic white mark below the eye. Body is lightly streaked and speckled, and underparts in North Sulawesi show a rufous wash. A montane species, generally preferring higher elevations than Dark-eared Myza, occurring in singles and pairs in the understory of forest and heath, sometimes joining mixed-species flocks. Larger than Dark-eared Myza, lacking the complete eye-ring of that species. The prominent white patch below the eye is the best identification feature. Often gives calls including an incessant whiny “kit-kit-kit…”.
Cuban Martin
Progne cryptoleuca
A graceful aerial feeder found over a wide variety of open habitats, especially near water, including marshes and towns. Often chooses exposed perches including power and telephone lines in villages. Commonly found in flocks of up to twenty birds, sometimes mixing with other swallows and martins. The adult male is entirely glossy purple-blue and is inseparable in the field from male Purple Martins. The male Caribbean Martin can be distinguished by its bright white belly. Female and immature Cuban Martins resemble females and immatures of both Purple and Caribbean Martin. Purple Martin in such plumages can be identified by a scaly breast pattern and often fine streaks on the belly, which is lacking on female and immature Cuban Martins. Female Cuban Martins are probably not safely separable from Caribbean Martin, though on average the Cuban Martin has more restricted brown on chest. Note that Caribbean and Purple Martins are not present in this species’ range from March to September, which can help eliminate confusing species. Calls include a harsh “churr,” a buzzy “zwick-zwick,” and a musical buzzy burbling.
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