Cuban Martin
Progne cryptoleuca
A graceful aerial feeder found over a wide variety of open habitats, especially near water, including marshes and towns. Often chooses exposed perches including power and telephone lines in villages. Commonly found in flocks of up to twenty birds, sometimes mixing with other swallows and martins. The adult male is entirely glossy purple-blue and is inseparable in the field from male Purple Martins. The male Caribbean Martin can be distinguished by its bright white belly. Female and immature Cuban Martins resemble females and immatures of both Purple and Caribbean Martin. Purple Martin in such plumages can be identified by a scaly breast pattern and often fine streaks on the belly, which is lacking on female and immature Cuban Martins. Female Cuban Martins are probably not safely separable from Caribbean Martin, though on average the Cuban Martin has more restricted brown on chest. Note that Caribbean and Purple Martins are not present in this species’ range from March to September, which can help eliminate confusing species. Calls include a harsh “churr,” a buzzy “zwick-zwick,” and a musical buzzy burbling.
识别特征
Adult Cuban martins are 18.5 cm in length, with a forked tail and relatively broad wings, and weigh 40 g. Adult males are a glossy blue-black with contrasting white lower underparts. Females and juveniles are duller than the male, with grey-brown breast and flanks and white lower underparts.<p>Adult male Cuban martins can be distinguished from adult male Caribbean martins by their dark bellies: Caribbean martins have a prominent white patch on theirs. Adult females and immatures aren't as easily distinguished.<p>On the other hand, adult male Cuban martins and Purple martins cannot be reliably distinguished in the field. Adult female and immature Purple martins have a scaly breast pattern which can be used to distinguish the two species.<p>Unlike these two similar species, the Cuban martin is endemic to Cuba and Isla de la Juventud. Purple martins and Caribbean martins are migratory species that are only present in the Cuban martin's range during winter.
分类信息
- 学名
- Progne cryptoleuca
- 命名信息
- Baird, SF, 1865
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Hirundinidae
- 属
- Progne
分布与栖息地
- 繁殖区
- NA : Cuba
- 非繁殖区
- SA?
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
The Cuban martin nests in cavities in banks and buildings, or old woodpecker holes. 3-6 eggs are laid in the lined nest, and incubated for 15 days, with another 26–27 to fledging. Just as the purple martin, this species may compete with other passerines for nesting cavities. In particular, the main foe is the house sparrow in urban areas, where they mostly use man-made structures, whereas in more rural locations Picidae holes in coconut trees are favored, and there is less competition with the sparrows.<p>Cuban martins are gregarious birds which hunt for insects in flight. They are often found in large, sometimes mixed flocks of up to 20 birds. Their call is a gurgly chew-chew.<p>Despite being considered endemic to Cuba and Isla de la Juventud, occasional vagrant individuals have been reported in Florida.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Green-fronted Hummingbird
Ramosomyia viridifrons
Fairly large hummingbird of brushy woodland, edge and semiopen areas with flowering trees, mainly in drier habitats in southwestern Mexico and neighboring Guatemala. Feeds mainly at middle to upper levels in trees. Combination of bright white underparts (throat sometimes stained yellow by pollen) and bright red bill with black tip are distinctive. Male and female similar, but male has a more coppery, less greenish tail. The crown is deep green, unlike similar Violet-crowned Hummingbird, which occurs to the north of Green-fronted.
Gray-striped Spurfowl
Pternistis griseostriatus
Large and brownish francolin that is endemic to Angola. Mostly buffy brown, with pale stripes on the back and chestnut stripes on the underparts. The legs are red and the bill mostly red. Found in gallery forest, thickets, scrub, and adjacent cultivated areas. Generally shy and unapproachable. The common vocalization is a duet of raspy and clucking notes. Occurs alongside Red-necked Francolin, but paler overall, without large patches of red bare skin on the throat and face.
Roadside Hawk
Rupornis magnirostris
Well-named, the common roadside hawk in tropical lowlands of East Mexico and Central and South America. Often seen on wires, phone poles, posts out in fields. Adult has staring pale eyes, streaked breast contrasting with barred belly. Immature streaked below, much like many other immature hawks, but its tail has broad and fairly even bands. Flies with rather quick, stiff wingbeats, recalling a Red-shouldered Hawk or an Accipiter; noisy flight display mainly in late winter-spring.
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