Cuban Martin
Progne cryptoleuca
A graceful aerial feeder found over a wide variety of open habitats, especially near water, including marshes and towns. Often chooses exposed perches including power and telephone lines in villages. Commonly found in flocks of up to twenty birds, sometimes mixing with other swallows and martins. The adult male is entirely glossy purple-blue and is inseparable in the field from male Purple Martins. The male Caribbean Martin can be distinguished by its bright white belly. Female and immature Cuban Martins resemble females and immatures of both Purple and Caribbean Martin. Purple Martin in such plumages can be identified by a scaly breast pattern and often fine streaks on the belly, which is lacking on female and immature Cuban Martins. Female Cuban Martins are probably not safely separable from Caribbean Martin, though on average the Cuban Martin has more restricted brown on chest. Note that Caribbean and Purple Martins are not present in this species’ range from March to September, which can help eliminate confusing species. Calls include a harsh “churr,” a buzzy “zwick-zwick,” and a musical buzzy burbling.
识别特征
Adult Cuban martins are 18.5 cm in length, with a forked tail and relatively broad wings, and weigh 40 g. Adult males are a glossy blue-black with contrasting white lower underparts. Females and juveniles are duller than the male, with grey-brown breast and flanks and white lower underparts.<p>Adult male Cuban martins can be distinguished from adult male Caribbean martins by their dark bellies: Caribbean martins have a prominent white patch on theirs. Adult females and immatures aren't as easily distinguished.<p>On the other hand, adult male Cuban martins and Purple martins cannot be reliably distinguished in the field. Adult female and immature Purple martins have a scaly breast pattern which can be used to distinguish the two species.<p>Unlike these two similar species, the Cuban martin is endemic to Cuba and Isla de la Juventud. Purple martins and Caribbean martins are migratory species that are only present in the Cuban martin's range during winter.
分类信息
- 学名
- Progne cryptoleuca
- 命名信息
- Baird, SF, 1865
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Hirundinidae
- 属
- Progne
分布与栖息地
- 繁殖区
- NA : Cuba
- 非繁殖区
- SA?
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
The Cuban martin nests in cavities in banks and buildings, or old woodpecker holes. 3-6 eggs are laid in the lined nest, and incubated for 15 days, with another 26–27 to fledging. Just as the purple martin, this species may compete with other passerines for nesting cavities. In particular, the main foe is the house sparrow in urban areas, where they mostly use man-made structures, whereas in more rural locations Picidae holes in coconut trees are favored, and there is less competition with the sparrows.<p>Cuban martins are gregarious birds which hunt for insects in flight. They are often found in large, sometimes mixed flocks of up to 20 birds. Their call is a gurgly chew-chew.<p>Despite being considered endemic to Cuba and Isla de la Juventud, occasional vagrant individuals have been reported in Florida.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Falcated Duck
Mareca falcata
An East Asian teal-like duck. Males are distinctive, with an iridescent head that flashes green and copper, a silvery body with distinct scalloping, extremely long curved tertials, long pale scapulars, and a triangular white throat patch outlined in dark green. Brownish females resemble female Gadwall but have a dark bill. Breeds in northern interior marshes and winters on rivers, lakes, and coastal wetlands, often in flocks with other ducks.
Manicore Warbling-Antbird
Hypocnemis rondoni
Small, compact antbird with a short tail. Males have black-and-white streaks on the head, mantle, and underparts; brown upperparts; and rusty flanks. Females have a brownish mantle and a streaked head. Found in the understory of humid forests, favoring edges and tree-falls. The song starts with 4-5 clear and increasingly loud notes and finishes with descending harsh notes, similar to Spix’s and Rondonia Warbling-Antbirds. The call, a series of typically four screechy notes, is diagnostic of Manicore Warbling-Antbird, as are the stronger rufous edges to the tail.
White-collared Pigeon
Columba albitorques
A dark pigeon that is endemic to the Abyssinian highlands. There is a white mark on the back of the head, and white patches in the wings that are conspicuous in flight. Found at middle and high elevations. Nests in rocky areas as well as in towns and cities, and feeds mainly in grassland and cultivated areas. Can be similar to the highly variable feral Rock Pigeon, but distinguished by the white mark on the head. Not very vocal, but does sometimes give a low cooing call.
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