Long-toed Stint
Calidris subminuta
Tiny and slender “peep” of inland and coastal wetlands, where it is often found in well-vegetated areas such as fields and flooded meadows. Unlike most other small sandpipers in the region, this species has a distinctly long-winged and slender-bodied appearance. Breeding adult and juvenile recall much larger Sharp-tailed Sandpiper in pattern and color; nonbreeding adult rather plain mousy brown above, pale below. Note that long toes project slightly beyond tail in flight, unlike other stints. Flight call a quiet “prrrrp” similar to Curlew Sandpiper.
识别特征
The long-toed stint is a very small wader measuring just 13 to 16 cm (5.1 to 6.3 in) in length with a wingspan of 26.5 to 30.5 cm (10.4 to 12.0 in). It weighs about 25 g (0.9 oz). It has a small head and short, straight sharp-tipped beak. The neck is slender, the belly rounded and the long legs are set well back. The toes are long and slender, especially the middle one. The primary feathers extend as far as the tail. The crown is brown and there is a pale streak just above the eye. The upper parts are brown with the centres of the feathers darker brown. The breast is speckled with pale brown and the underparts are white. The legs and feet are yellow and the beak dark brown, apart from the base of the lower mandible which is yellow or pale brown.<p>This bird has a distinctive stance and its flight call distinguishes it from other sandpipers. On the ground it can be confused with the red-necked stint (Calidris ruficollis) but is more finely built and slightly smaller.
分类信息
- 学名
- Calidris subminuta
- 命名信息
- (Middendorff, 1853)
- 目
- Charadriiformes
- 科
- Scolopacidae
- 属
- Calidris
分布与栖息地
The long-toed stint breeds in Siberia during the Northern Hemisphere summer. Little is known of its breeding habits but its breeding range includes the Chukchi Peninsula, the Koryak Plateau, the Commander Islands, the Kuril Islands, land bordering the Sea of Okhotsk, north Verkhoyansky District and around the Ob River and the Irtysh River. After the breeding season it migrates southwards passing through China, Indochina, Malaysia and the Philippines and westwards to Burma, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the Maldive Islands. It is a visitor to New Guinea and Australia and a vagrant to Sweden, South Africa, Melanesia, Hawaii, the northwestern USA and the vicinity of the Bering Sea. In its over-wintering range it visits a variety of wetland habitats including shallow freshwater or brackish areas, lakes, swamps, floodplains, marshes, lagoons, muddy shores and sewage ponds.
- 繁殖区
- PAL : subarctic to temperate bogs of c, e Palearctic: disjunctly from sw to s Chukotskiy Pen., n Kuril and Commander is. (e Russia); (perhaps) n Mongolia
- 非繁殖区
- OR, AU : inland and coastal e India and Sri Lanka, se Asia, Indonesian Arch., w, se Australia, Philippines, se China, Taiwan and s, sc Japan
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
The long-toed stint forages in wet habitats, probing the ground with its beak. It feeds on molluscs, crustaceans, amphibians, insects, other invertebrates and seeds. It roosts in hollows in soft mud or in low vegetation bordering its feeding area. In its breeding range in Russia its habitat is tundra, taiga, open grassy bogs or swamps. The nesting site tends to be in an area with mosses, sedges and dwarf willows and is typically a well-hidden, shallow depression on a mound of sedge or dried grass.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Metallic-winged Sunbird
Aethopyga pulcherrima
A small bird with a fairly long, curved bill of lowland and foothill forest and forest edge in the Philippines. Male has bluish-green iridescence on the forehead, cheek, and shoulder, and a yellow throat and chest with an orange smudge. Female is washed-out yellow below with a whitish throat. Similar to Lina’s Sunbird, but male has a shorter, rounded green tail and olive rather than blue flight feathers, and the female lacks the gray head, streaked chest, and reddish belly. Female also similar to female Handsome Sunbird, but has a dark green tail. Voice includes a high-pitched jumbled song and an upslurred, high-pitched “chuit!”
Indochinese Blue Flycatcher
Cyornis sumatrensis
Attractive long-tailed flycatcher with an orange throat and breast. Male is ocean blue above, with a darker face and brighter orange on the underparts. Female is brownish overall, but with some blue tinting on the head and back; some females may appear blue-gray; also note her faint eyering. Both sexes have white lower bellies and blue tails. Can be easily confused with other Cyornis flycatchers, but note present species’ extensively orange throat, roughly even division of orange and white on the underparts, and bluish gray-brown coloration of the female. Primarily a lowland species, but also ranges into foothills; favors open dry forests, forest edges, and scrub; very locally in coastal forests and mangroves. Song is a variable series of clear, pleasant, rising and falling whistles. Call is a dry, smacking “chit, chit”, often given in short bursts.
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher
Empidonax flaviventris
Small flycatcher, extremely similar to several other species. Generally shy and inconspicuous; breeds in spruce forests often near boggy areas. Migrants tend to be found in denser wet areas within woods. Olive-greenish above with distinctive yellow wash on throat and belly. Black wings with bold white wingbars. Nearly identical to Western Flycatchers, but limited range overlap. Within range, main confusion species is Least Flycatcher. Bright yellow throat and belly is usually enough to identify Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, but some worn birds can be very similar. Song is similar to Least Flycatcher ("chebek") but more slurred, with a soft buzzy tone. Not frequently repeated like Least Flycatcher. Soft whistled call note, "pwee," unlike Least's sharp "whit" call.
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