Purple-crowned Plovercrest
Stephanoxis loddigesii
Medium-sized charismatic hummingbird with an iridescent green body and short, straight bill. Males have a violet-blue crest and are violet below with light gray flanks. Females have a less prominent crest, lack the violet belly seen on males, and have a prominent white spot behind the eye. Resembles Green-crowned Plovercrest, but males have a purple (not green) crest and has less extensive violet below. Female Purple-crowned Plovercrests have slightly larger white tips to the outer tail feathers than Green-crowned Plovercrest. Inhabits the understory of lowland and montane forests, light woodland and riparian forests.
识别特征
The purple-crowned plovercrest is 8.5 to 9.5 cm (3.3 to 3.7 in) long. Males weigh about 3.7 g (0.13 oz). Both sexes have a shortish, straight, black bill. Adult males have a shaggy violet-blue crest. Their face, chin, and throat are brownish with a white spot behind the eye. Their upperparts yellowish green. Their lower throat to upper belly is blackish violet-blue and the rest of the underparts are gray. Their central two pairs of tail feathers are green and the rest green with a blackish band near the end and whitish tips. Adult females and juveniles have a much smaller crest. Their upperparts are also yellowish green and their underparts gray.
分类信息
The purple-crowned plovercrest and green-crowned plovercrest (Stephanoxis lalandi) were originally treated as separate species but in the mid-1900s were combined under the name "plovercrest" with the binomial S. lalandi. A study published in 2014 provided evidence that the original two-species treatment was correct. Taxonomists worldwide agreed and the two taxa were restored to species status. They are the only members of the genus and are monotypic.
- 学名
- Stephanoxis loddigesii
- 命名信息
- (Vigors, 1831)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Stephanoxis
分布与栖息地
The purple-crowned plovercrest is found in eastern Paraguay, far northeastern Argentina, and southern Brazil as far north as southern São Paulo state. It inhabits the understory of forest, scrublands, and vegetation along watercourses. In elevation it ranges between sea level and about 900 m (3,000 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Barred Forest-Falcon
Micrastur ruficollis
Retiring and rarely seen raptor of humid forest in lowlands and foothills. Usually detected by sharp, barking call given mainly early and late in the day. Does not soar. Most likely encountered sitting quietly at middle to low levels inside the forest. Adult has orange-yellow facial skin and pale eyes. Immature is creamy below, often with some dark barring. Note the long yellow legs.
Golden-throated Barbet
Psilopogon franklinii
Large green barbet with a broad black bandit’s mask, a pale gray face, and a black-and-yellow crown. Yellow-orange throat patch is small and sometimes missed when seen poorly. Like most other barbets, sluggish and difficult to see, usually encountered foraging quietly or sitting still in the canopy. Song is usually a long steady series of loud hiccupping two-syllabled hoots, but these sometimes sound more plaintive and whistled.
Trocaz Pigeon
Columba trocaz
Endemic to the island of Madeira, where it is largely restricted to native laurel and tree heath forests. Body is largely gray with a purple-pink breast, and a noticeable silvery patch with black streaks on the side of the neck. The iris is yellow with a red ring around the eyes. Compare with the only other pigeon on the island, the Rock Pigeon; note differences in structure, color, and habitat preference. Song is a series of very low, groaning coos.
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