Cuban Pygmy-Owl
Glaucidium siju
A very small, tame owl of wooded habitats that is active both day and night. Depending on attitude, its staring yellow eyes and prominent arched white eyebrows can impart cuteness or ferocity. Often found perched with tail cocked, and when flushed, typically flies only a short distance on rounded wings. Occurs in two color types, gray and rust. Song is a low whistled “whuh” or “hoo” given in a slow series. Other vocalizations include a high, thin whistled “tsee, tsee-tsee-tsee-tsee-tsee” that grows progressively louder, and a series of high squeaks. No similar species within its range.
识别特征
The Cuban pygmy owl is 16 to 17 cm (6.3 to 6.7 in) long. Males weigh 47 to 68 g (1.7 to 2.4 oz) and females 66 to 102 g (2.3 to 3.6 oz). It has two color morphs, gray-brown and rufous; the former is more common. Both morphs have a pale grayish face, whitish to cinnamon "brows" over yellow eyes, and a pair of dark "false eyes" on the nape. The nominate gray-brown morph's crown, sides of the head, and back are grayish brown with white spots; the shoulders have diffuse dark barring. The tail is also grayish brown, with white bars. The throat is brown, the sides of the breast and flanks brown with darker bars, the center of the breast white, and the rest of the underparts off-white with dark brown streaks and spots. The rufous morph replaces the gray-brown with cinnamon. G. s. turquinense is much darker and has fewer spots on the upperparts. G. s. vittatum is larger than the nominate and the barring on the shoulders is more defined.
分类信息
The Cuban pygmy owl has three subspecies, the nominate Glaucidium siju siju, G. s. turquinense, and G. s. vittatum.
- 学名
- Glaucidium siju
- 命名信息
- (d'Orbigny, 1839)
- 目
- Strigiformes
- 科
- Strigidae
- 属
- Glaucidium
分布与栖息地
The Cuban pygmy owl is the most common and most frequently observed owl in the country. The nominate subspecies is found throughout the main island of Cuba except on its highest mountain, Pico Turquino. Subspecies G. s. turquinense is found only on that mountain and G. s. vittatum on the Isla de la Juventud (Isle of Pines) and possibly the Guanahacabibes Peninsula. The species inhabits the interiors and edges of coastal, deciduous, and montane forest, both primary and secondary. It is also found in areas such as pastures with scattered trees, cultivated fields, plantations, and large city parks. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 1,500 m (4,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Migration pattern: Resident species.
保护状况
Population trend: stable.
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Spot-tailed Nightjar
Antiurus maculicaudus
Small nightjar of savanna and grassland with scattered bushes and palmettos. Spends the day roosting cryptically on the ground, but at night may be found beside quiet roads and tracks. Like all nightjars, eyes reflect amber-red in lights. Plumage similar to other nightjars, but note the pale buffy eyebrow, buffy V-shaped stripe on the back, and bold wing spotting. Male has small white tail tip, lacking in female. White spots on male’s tail usually only visible in the hand. Song is high and insectlike, unlikely to draw attention.
Stolid Flycatcher
Myiarchus stolidus
A woodland species typically found at lower elevation and in scrub and mangroves; hunts from within woods, but also on exposed perches. The similar Sad Flycatcher is smaller, smaller billed, lacks rust on the primaries, and has weak or no wingbars. The similar Rufous-tailed Flycatcher is larger, darker on the head and chest, has a heftier bill and bright rufous on tail. The dawn song is “weeeee-pitit-wee,” with first and last syllables rising and then falling. Calls include a whistled rising-and-then-falling “weee-ee,” an emphatic twittering “prrree,” and a sputtering “peet-it,” among other quick twittering calls.
Blue-mantled Thornbill
Chalcostigma stanleyi
Very dark hummingbird with a long tail and a short straight bill. Dark brownish overall with a steely-blue iridescence on the back and tail. The iridescent green-and-pink throat patch is only visible at some angles. Occurs at very high elevations from Ecuador to Bolivia, especially at the edge of Polylepis woodlands and other shrubby areas above 3,600 m. Occasionally feeds from flowers on the ground, but more often seen perched atop a shrub. Few other hummingbirds occur at such high elevations, so this thornbill is unlikely to be confused.
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