Graceful Pitta
Erythropitta venusta
Rare and secretive jewel of the Sumatran highlands. Found at 400-1400 meters in wet forest, especially in gullies and ravines. Dark overall, with a rose-red belly and an electric-blue “eyebrow” and wing lining; in good lighting, note deep maroon on chest and back. Hops around quietly, foraging amongst the leaf litter and fallen debris. Song is a haunting machine-like whistle that begins and ends abruptly.
识别特征
The graceful pitta is a petite bird that measures approximately 18 cm (7.1 in) in length. Its black coloring is enhanced with reddish undertones, and the bottom of its wings have vivid blue stripes running down them. The lower breast and abdomen are a dull crimson. The upper chest is dark brown with a purple hue. The legs can appear to be either a purple-blue or a pale blue, and its iris is a dark brown color. The bill is black. The extended tail has reddish-black hues. Males and females are similar in appearance. Juveniles have an all dark brown exterior with less color variation throughout the body. They also have pinkish-grey feet, a red tipped bill, and grayish colored irises. <p>The call has been described as a high pitched train whistle which remains at a consistent pitch.
分类信息
The graceful pitta was formally described in 1836 by the German naturalist Salomon Müller under the binomial name Pitta venusta. His specimens had been collected in western Sumatra. The specific epithet is from Latin venustus meaning "beautiful" or "lovely". The graceful pitta is now one of 15 species placed in the genus Erythropitta that was introduced in 1854 by Charles Lucien Bonaparte. The species is monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.
- 学名
- Erythropitta venusta
- 命名信息
- (Müller, S, 1836)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Pittidae
- 属
- Erythropitta
分布与栖息地
The graceful pitta is a native of the Indonesian Sumatra's highlands. The Sumatra highlands consist of thick tropical forest with various species of plants, animals, and insects. It inhabits dense, moist woods with a thick understory of plants. But the habitat is decreasing rapidly due to deforestation. This has increased due to the demand for palm oil with Indonesia being the largest producer of it.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The graceful pitta flies close to the ground. Primarily in residential levels through the trees. <p>Only one nesting has been recorded for graceful pittas which took place in May. But according to research, breeding can take place from May to July, and possibly as early as from February to October. The birds construct their nests that typically are placed around 60 cm above the ground, using materials such as dead leaves, bamboo leaves, fine roots, degraded fibers, and moss. The graceful pitta typically can produce two to three eggs every breeding cycle. Each of the eggs has a distinctive look with a dull white tone and dark brown and gray lilac spots.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Rufous-tailed Flatbill
Ramphotrigon ruficauda
Smallish flycatcher, characteristic of forests on sandy soils and seasonally flooded forests. Heard more often than seen. Best told by bright rufous tail and flight feather edges contrasting with greenish-brown body. Singles or pairs inhabit the mid-story of tall forest and typically do not associate with other species. Sits upright and sallies to foliage for insects. In western Amazonia, told from Dusky-tailed Flatbill by clearer (less mottled) breast and extensive rufous in wings and tail. Voice is a single, lazy whistle, with characteristic strong inflection in the middle.
Red-shouldered Spinetail
Synallaxis hellmayri
Angry-looking bird with a long spiky tail and brown plumage contrasting with a black throat and a rusty shoulder patch. Occurs in arid, scrubby woodlands where normally forages on or close to the ground. The song is a repetition of a short, fast “quebéc.”
Arabian Grosbeak
Rhynchostruthus percivali
Handsome chunky gray-brown finch with a massive dark bill. Brown hood, white ear-patches, and brightly contrasting golden stripes in the dark wings and tail make this an easily recognizable species. Female has a less well-defined hood than the male, and less yellow in the tail. Juvenile is buffier (including ear-patches) and more streaky. An uncommon resident of woodland, dry scrubby rocky terrain, slopes and river beds, restricted to the southern Arabian Peninsula. Typically forages singly, in pairs, or in groups of up to 30, either on the ground, or in trees where they occasionally dangle by their feet like parrots. Song is a pleasant rolling series of sweet notes, with an almost thrush-like quality. Call a quick whip-like “weet.”
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