Peruvian Recurvebill
Syndactyla ucayalae
Reddish-brown bird with a distinctive upturned bill. Found almost exclusively in bamboo thickets, but occasionally also in dense viny areas. Forages singly or in pairs in the under- and midstory, using its bill to pry open holes in dead bamboo to find insects. Its song is a deep accelerating rattle “tick-ti-tr-trrrrrrrrrrrrr” that crescendos.
识别特征
The Peruvian recurvebill is 19 to 20 cm (7.5 to 7.9 in) long and weighs 39 to 55 g (1.4 to 1.9 oz). It is a largish furnariid with a heavy, wedge-shaped, slightly upturned, bill. The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a faint narrow rufous supercilium, grizzled grayish, brownish, and dark buff lores and ear coverts, and a reddish rufous malar area. Their crown is dark reddish brown with faint streaks on the forehead. Their uppperparts are reddish brown with a slightly more reddish collar. Their wings are dark reddish brown with dark ochraceous at the bend. Their tail is dark reddish chestnut. Their throat is orange-rufous with faint paler streaks at its lower edge, their breast orange-rufous with faint paler streaks, their belly slightly duller than the breast and minimally streaked, and their flanks and undertail coverts darker orange-rufous than the breast. Their iris is brown to dark brown, their maxilla grayish horn to grayish brown, their mandible gray to silvery-bluish, and their legs and feet olive to olive-green. Juveniles have a brighter supercilium than adults, with whitish lores. Their crown is darker, with dark rufescent spots. Their back is darker and less rufescent and their underparts paler but with a strong black scalloped pattern.
分类信息
The Peruvian recurvebill and its sister species the Bolivian recurvebill (S. striata) were previously placed in genus Simoxenops. Their vocalizations and behavior strongly suggested the two species belonged in Syndactyla, and that placement was confirmed by genetic study.<p>The Peruvian recurvebill is monotypic.
- 学名
- Syndactyla ucayalae
- 命名信息
- (Chapman, 1928)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Syndactyla
分布与栖息地
The Peruvian recurvebill is found in the western Amazon Basin of southeastern Peru, northern Bolivia, and far western Brazil, and also locally in isolated areas further east in Amazonian Brazil. It is a bamboo specialist, inhabiting tropical lowland evergreen forest and riverside forest in and near thickets of Guadua bamboo. It also locally occurs in riverside thickets of Gynerium cane. In elevation it reaches 1,300 m (4,300 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Peruvian recurvebill is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The Peruvian recurvebill feeds on a variety of arthropods including spiders, beetle larvae, and earwigs. It typically forages singly or in pairs and occasionally joins mixed-species feeding flocks. It mostly forages in dense undergrowth in the forest's understory, but will rarely also feed up to the mid-storey. It does most of its feeding on bamboo and lesser amounts on cane, vines, and other plants. It finds its prey by hammering, excavating, flaking, and gleaning.<p>Nothing is known about the Peruvian recurvebill's breeding biology.<p>The Peruvian recurvebill's song is a "short, loud, harsh, ascending rattle (2-3 sec), last note(s) sometimes lowered". Its call is "a loud, hoarse, irritated, low-pitched 'chack' ".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
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Setophaga caerulescens
Striking warbler with vastly different male and female plumages. Males are unique deep blue above with black face and sides and white belly. Females are plain brownish-olive with dingy buffy underparts and subtle face pattern. Always look for small white patch on the wing, lacking only on the dullest immature females. Breeds in the understory of mixed forests, favoring hills with dense vegetation. Found in nearly any wooded or shrubby habitat during migration. Winters primarily in the Caribbean. Listen for lazy buzzy song, usually a series of notes with a final long buzz.
Chopi Blackbird
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Fairly large blackbird that is uniformly black without glossy tones and has a slightly curved bill. Found at the forest edge and in woodland, savanna, and agricultural lands where it mostly forages on the ground in small groups. It has a rich vocal repertoire including much mimicry. The most common call is a soft and musical whistle of its name, “cho-pee.”
Western Yellow Wagtail
Motacilla flava
Widespread wagtail, favoring wet meadows, marshland, grassy and muddy lakeshores. Occurs in fields and often near livestock during migration. Like other wagtails, walks on ground and pumps its long, white-sided tail up and down. Plumage highly variable, but breeding male wholly bright yellow below, with greenish back. Male head pattern varies regionally: in U.K. has greenish head with yellow eyebrow; in northern Europe head slaty gray overall; in central and southwest Europe head blue-gray with white eyebrow; striking white-headed birds in Mongolia and northwestern China. Individuals of several subspecies may winter together. Female and nonbreeding plumages drabber and paler, with ghosting of male patterns. Songs and calls vary between subspecies, but most give some form of buzzy “dzeerdzeer” or downslurrd “tzree.”
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