Scaled Spinetail
Cranioleuca muelleri
Distinctive spinetail with scalloped underparts; a chestnut crown, wings, and tail; and an olive back. Found in seasonally flooded forest, where it forages acrobatically from the understory to the subcanopy and often accompanies mixed-species flocks.
识别特征
The scaled spinetail is a dark bird with scaly-looking undersides, a pale supercilium, dark brown upperparts and rufuous crown, wings and tail. The tail is graduated, with basally stiffened rectrices, pointed at tips. Breast and belly are very pale buff-brown; the feathers of throat, breast and belly are edged dark olive, creating a coarse, scaled appearance.<p>It measures 14–15 cm (5.5–5.9 in) in length.
分类信息
- 学名
- Cranioleuca muelleri
- 命名信息
- (Hellmayr, 1911)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Cranioleuca
分布与栖息地
The scaled spinetail is endemic to the east Amazon River in Brazil, ranging from extreme eastern Amazonas, eastern to southern Amapá and Mexiana Island in Pará.<p>It inhabits flooded tropical evergreen forest, restricted to the undergrowth and midstory of Brazilian várzea forests (seasonally flooded forests). It ranges from 0–200 m elevation.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
The scaled spinetail has been classified as least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It is a poorly known and apparently uncommon species, and the population is likely to be relatively small. Based on a model of future deforestation in the Amazon basin, this species is expected to lose about half of its available habitat over three generations.<p>The primary threat to this species is accelerating deforestation in the Amazon basin as land is cleared for cattle ranching and soy production, facilitated by expansion of the road network; it is thought likely to be particularly susceptible to fragmentation and edge effects.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Pacific Heron
Ardea pacifica
Large dark gray heron with white head and neck. In flight shows white "headlights" on the leading edge of the wing. Typically has dark legs. Usually found near water. Often seen singly, but also occurs in large scattered groups while foraging in damp paddocks and grassland.
Eastern Woodhaunter
Automolus subulatus
This fairly small brown bird is a shy forest-dwelling species; it is usually seen in the lower or middle levels of the forest interior. Most similar to foliage-gleaners, which can be very similar in plumage. Look for the woodhaunter’s blurry buffy streaking on the head and breast, rather long straight bill, and lack of a pale eyebrow. Does not climb up tree trunks like a woodcreeper, but forages by hopping around tangles, mosses, and vines, rummaging around looking for invertebrates. Most often seen singly or in pairs, sometimes accompanying mixed-species flocks. Listen for two nasal whistles followed by a hard staccato trill. Occurs throughout western Amazonia.
White-headed Wren
Campylorhynchus albobrunneus
Medium-sized wren found from eastern Panama through western Colombia. Distinctive in range: all-white head and underparts contrast with dark brown (almost black) back. Occurs in pairs or small groups in humid forest up to around 1,500 m. Forages at all levels, especially around epiphytes.
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