Torrent Tyrannulet
Serpophaga cinerea
Unique small gray flycatcher found exclusively along fast-moving rivers and streams. Often perches on rocks in the middle of a waterway, but also along the edge. Plumage is also unlike any other flycatcher; pale gray overall with diffuse black cap and black wings and tail. Sexes similar. Pumps tail.
识别特征
The adult torrent tyrannulet is 10–11.4 cm long and weighs 8g. The male is pale grey above, and greyish white below, becoming white on the throat and lower belly. The head above the level of the eye is black with a concealed white crown patch, and the wings and tail are blackish. There are two thin grey-white wing bars.<p>The female is similar, but the top of the head is greyer and the crown patch is smaller or absent. Young birds have a browner cap, a brownish tint to the upperparts and broader, yellower wing bars.
分类信息
- 学名
- Serpophaga cinerea
- 命名信息
- (Tschudi, 1844)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Tyrannidae
- 属
- Serpophaga
分布与栖息地
The torrent tyrannulet is a bird of rocky mountain streams at elevations from 300 to 2200 m, although it is less common at the lower altitudes where the water currents are weaker. There is a nesting record from Costa Rica as low as 35 m, possibly as a result of displacement of birds by hydroelectric work higher up the Sarapiquí River.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Its substantial cup nest is built on a branch up to 4 m high over water, or on a rocky shore. It is lined with feathers and covered with moss on the outside, and the clutch is two unmarked pale buff or whitish eggs.<p>The torrent tyrannulet feeds on insects, caught in flight or picked off bankside vegetation or rocks. It has a direct dipper-like flight low over water, and frequently pumps its tail as it perches on a rock in the stream. Its call is a sharp penetrating chip, readily audible over the noise of the rushing water, and the song is a slower repetition of the call or a seek followed by a trilled ti,ti,ti,ti,ti,ti,.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Fülleborn's Boubou
Laniarius fuelleborni
Mid-sized bushshrike that is completely black. Found in the undergrowth of humid forest at middle and high elevations. A skilled skulker that is most often detected by voice. Gives a wide variety of vocalizations, which include whistles, explosive notes, frog-like calls, and ratchets. The most common vocalization is a quick series of three whistles: “whit-whit-wee.” Very similar to Slate-colored Boubou, but found in montane forest rather than lower-elevation savanna and woodland.
Pink-legged Graveteiro
Acrobatornis fonsecai
Predominantly gray species with a long tail and pink legs. Note the darker gray crown and paler eyebrow. Found principally in shaded cacao plantations or adjacent remnant forests across a very restricted range. Forages acrobatically in the canopy and subcanopy and often accompanies mixed-species flocks. Builds a large stick nest.
Bushy-crested Jay
Cyanocorax melanocyaneus
Only blue-and-black jay in its limited range in interior of northern Central America. Found in brushy woodland, pine-oak forest and edge, and plantations, foraging at all levels. Usually in small groups, which can be noisy and conspicuous or very quiet and easily overlooked. Sometimes found with mixed-species feeding flocks that include Green Jays and orioles. Lower breast and belly are tinged blue but often appear black. Bushy crest usually held flattened and thus not noticeable.
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