Ovenbird
Seiurus aurocapilla
Secretive warbler that lacks vibrant colors, but compensates with an enormous voice. Olive-brown above with black streaks on white breast and bold white eyering. Orange central crown stripe bordered by black on either side. Forages for insects by walking along branches and on the ground with exaggerated footsteps and bobbing gait. Breeds primarily in areas with extensive deciduous or mixed forest. Winters primarily in Middle America and the Caribbean, where it can be quiet and difficult to detect. On the breeding grounds, listen for its loud song that builds in volume: “tea-cher, TEA-cher, TEA-CHER!”; also gives a sharp, high-pitched, metallic chip year-round. Possible to confuse with thrushes, but smaller, and walks instead of hops.
识别特征
Ovenbirds are large wood warblers and may sometimes be confused by the untrained for a thrush. Adults measure 11–16 cm (4.3–6.3 in) long and span 19–26 cm (7.5–10.2 in) across the wings. They weigh 19 g (0.67 oz) on average, with a range of 14–28.8 g (0.49–1.02 oz). Among standard measurements, the wing chord is 6.8 to 8.3 cm (2.7 to 3.3 in), the tail is 5 to 5.8 cm (2.0 to 2.3 in), the bill is 1.1 to 1.3 cm (0.43 to 0.51 in) and the tarsus is 2 to 2.3 cm (0.79 to 0.91 in). They tend to be heavier in winter and particularly at the start of their migration. They have olive-brown upperparts and white underparts heavily streaked with black; the flanks have an olive hue. A white ring surrounds the eyes, and a black stripe runs below the cheek. They have a line of orange feathers with olive-green tips running along the top of their head, bordered on each side with blackish-brown. The orange feathers can be erected to form a small crest. The eyes and the upper part of the thin pointed beak are dark, while the lower beak is horn-colored and the legs and feet are pinkish.<p>Males and females look alike. Immature birds have tawny fringes to the tertiary remiges and sometimes buff-tipped outer primary wing coverts. Most conspicuously, the olive-green tips of the crown feathers, which are hardly visible in adult birds, are far larger in extent in immatures and cover the orange crown-stripe almost or completely.<p>The main song of the ovenbird is a series of strident, relatively low-pitched, bisyallabic motives repeated without pause about eight times and increasing in volume. Usually, the second syllable in each motive is sharply accented: "chur-tee’ chur-tee’ chur-tee’ chur-tee’ chur-TEE chur-TEE chur-TEE!" Male ovenbirds utter a sweet chattering song in the air at twilight, after the manner of the skylark, incorporating portions of the main song into a jumble of sputtering notes and mimicry as they dive back to earth. The call is a variably pitched, sharp "chik!" Some variations recall the common call note of a downy woodpecker. If the bird is excited, it may repeat this call several times. The fight call is a high, rising siiii.
分类信息
The genus Seiurus is currently treated as monotypic, containing only the ovenbird; it is genetically distinct from all other species in the family Parulidae, probably the first genus to evolve separately from the rest of the family.<p>Before the recent genetic studies were carried out, the waterthrushes were also included in Seiurus; these are now treated separately in the genus Parkesia as they are not very closely related to the ovenbird.<p>The species name aurocapilla is a noun phrase, so the original spelling is retained, not changed according to the gender of the genus name; Linnaeus originally named it Motacilla aurocapilla, and the ending is not changed to -us as commonly cited in the past. Etymologically aurocapilla comes from Latin and means "golden haired" and Seiurus is from Ancient Greek seiō, "to shake", and oura, "tail".
- 学名
- Seiurus aurocapilla
- 命名信息
- (Linnaeus, 1766)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Parulidae
- 属
- Seiurus
分布与栖息地
- 繁殖区
- NA : n, c, e
- 非繁殖区
- MA, West Indies and n SA
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Ashy-throated Parrotbill
Suthora alphonsiana
A small long-tailed bird with vaguely unnerving pale eyes. Dark gray-brown overall with a bright rusty-orange crown and wings. Similar to Vinous-throated and Brown-winged parrotbills but much grayer and darker overall; has the most limited warm tones of the three. Fairly common in lowlands and foothills, where it can be found in broadleaved forests, bamboo stands, and adjoining secondary growth and scrubby edges.
Yellow-backed Tanager
Hemithraupis flavicollis
Small warblerlike tanager. Male is distinctive: mostly black above with yellow patch on back, yellow throat and undertail coverts, and dingy whitish belly. Female is less striking: overall yellowish with grayer flanks, yellow edging on wing feathers, and orange lower bill (sometimes dull). Widespread from eastern Panama to southeast Brazil. Typically seen in pairs foraging in the canopy of lowland forest, often following a mixed-species flock.
Yellow-billed Nunbird
Monasa flavirostris
Distinctive nunbird with a yellow bill and white shoulder patch. Occupies terra firme forest and forest edge, foraging in the canopy in viny areas and around tree fall gaps. In areas with bamboo, often found in dense bamboo thickets and emergent trees above bamboo. Usually forages in small groups, which give variable warbling songs, usually choppier than those of other nunbirds.
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