Black-breasted Puffbird
Notharchus pectoralis
Rather large puffbird found from central Panama to extreme northwest Ecuador. Striking black-and-white pattern; especially note broad black breast band and isolated white cheek patch. Typically found singly or in pairs; usually perched in the canopy or subcanopy of lowland forest and edge below 1,000 m. Pied Puffbird is smaller with a white eyebrow. White-necked Puffbird is larger with a white forehead and more extensive white on the neck and forehead (lacking a black mustache).
识别特征
The black-breasted puffbird is 19 to 23 cm (7.5 to 9.1 in) long and weighs between 60 and 69 g (2.1 and 2.4 oz). The plumage is mostly glossy blue-black, with a white collar, cheeks, throat, and belly, a blue-black breast band, and a black tail with white tips on the feathers. The closed wing and rump show narrow white scallops. The flanks are dark gray with buffy marks. The heavy bill is black, as are the feet, and the iris of the eye is dark brown or red. The two sexes are the same, and the plumage of juvenile birds has not been described.
分类信息
The black-breasted puffbird is monotypic. It is closely related to the brown-banded puffbird (N. ordii) and some authors have proposed that they form a superspecies.
- 学名
- Notharchus pectoralis
- 命名信息
- (Gray, GR, 1846)
- 目
- Galbuliformes
- 科
- Bucconidae
- 属
- Notharchus
分布与栖息地
The black-breasted puffbird is found from the Canal Zone of Panama east into central Colombia and south through western Colombia into northwestern Ecuador. It inhabits humid lowland rainforest and secondary forest from sea level to 1,000 m (3,300 ft). It is seldom found near forest edges, and is more restricted to forests than its close relatives, but is often found near running water. It is usually found in the canopy, but will descend to the forest floor to pursue prey flushed by army ant swarms.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The black-breasted puffbird hunts from a perch by diving on its prey and will also follow army ant swarms. It beats its catch on the perch before eating it. It takes a range of prey species, including centipedes and millipedes, scorpions, spiders, cockroaches, mantises, grasshoppers, beetles, and lizards.<p>The black-breasted puffbird's breeding season spans from March to May in Colombia and March to July in Panama. Both parents excavate the nesting burrow in an arboreal termitarium, typically from 2.3 to 12.5 m (7.5 to 41 ft) high. The clutch size is three eggs, but no more than two fledged young from a brood have been observed. Both parents incubate the eggs.<p>The black-breasted puffbird's song is "10–30 loud 'kwee' whistles followed by 3 or so lower, slower 'whew' whistles ending with a few fading 'wheet-whew' wolf-whistles". It also makes a "rasping 'chah-chah-chah'" call when disputing territory.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Black-hooded Thrush
Turdus olivater
Medium-sized thrush of montane forests. Looks large and bulky compared to other thrushes in range; note male’s distinctive black head contrasting with brownish-olive body and yellow bill and legs. Female is similarly patterned but much duller. Found in highland forest and second growth, generally above 800 meters, where it is often the most common thrush. Most reliably seen at fruiting trees, where many individuals may congregate; also often seen at middle levels of forest, where it may take conspicuous perches to assess an observer before flying off. Song is a halting series of phrases, many of them doublets, generally alternating between rich, low notes and high reedy ones; call note is a rich, liquid bark. Male is unlikely to be confused with other species; female could be confused with female Pale-eyed Thrush but is larger, has darker eyes with distinct eyering and a semblance of male’s hooded look.
Black-and-orange Flycatcher
Ficedula nigrorufa
Tiny, brightly-colored flycatcher. Female is slightly paler than the male, particularly on the head. In addition to typical “flycatching,” also forages on the ground and in dense undergrowth, like a babbler or fulvetta. Inhabits montane shola forests from 1000 meters upwards. Calls are short bursts of buzzy notes.
Blue-rumped Parrot
Psittinus cyanurus
Large-headed and short-tailed parrot with a comically bulbous bill. Male is green with a bright orange bill and a powder-blue head and rump. Female is brown-headed with a dark bill. Usually moves in mid-sized flocks through forests, edges, and parks. Does not sound as cacophonous and unpleasant as many parrots; gives rather musical whistled notes.
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