Crescent-chested Puffbird
Malacoptila striata
Cryptically plumaged puffbird. Brown overall with cinnamon streaks down the head, back, and wings. Note the distinctive black-and-white breast band. Usually sites motionless in the understorey and middle levels of humid forests and second growth.
识别特征
The crescent-chested puffbird is 17.5 to 20 cm (6.9 to 7.9 in) long. The nominate M. s. striata weighs from about 40 to 47 g (1.4 to 1.7 oz); M. s. minor is smaller. The nominate's head and upperparts are blackish with buffy streaks. The face is rufous around the bill and has a buffy or white "moustache". The wing is brown with buffy markings; the tail is plain dark brown. The upper breast has a white crescent with a black band below it. The lower breast is rufous, the center of the belly whitish, and the sides of the breast and belly dull brown with buffy scallops. M. s. minor has a brighter breastband and its underparts are whiter without barring.
分类信息
The crescent-chested puffbird was for a time called Malacoptila torquata but since the mid-1900s it has borne its current binomial. The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (SACC), the International Ornithological Committee (IOC), and the Clements taxonomy treat it as having two subspecies, the nominate M. s. striata and M. s. minor. However, BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) treat those entities as separate species, the greater and lesser crescent-chested puffbirds respectively.
- 学名
- Malacoptila striata
- 命名信息
- (Spix, 1824)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Bucconidae
- 属
- Malacoptila
分布与栖息地
The crescent-chested puffbird's nominate subspecies is found in southeastern Brazil from Bahia and Minas Gerais south to Paraná and Santa Catarina. M. s. minor is found in a small disjunct range in Maranhão and Piauí states in Brazili's Northeast Region. The species inhabits a variety of semi-open landscapes such as the edges of humid lowland forest, logged forest, and secondary forest. It often occurs along roads and at the edges of clearings but rarely in the forest interior. In elevation it ranges from sea level to 2,100 m (6,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The crescent-chested puffbird appears to be a mostly solitary forager though there are reports of it following army ant swarms with other birds. Its diet is not well documented but is believed to be mostly invertebrates.<p>The crescent-chested puffbird's nominate subspecies breeds at least from October to December or January. The two known nests were in burrows excavated in earthen banks, but details of its breeding phenology, the nest itself, and eggs are lacking.<p>The crescent-chested puffbird's song is "a high-pitched whistle of 10+ notes, like a small tyrannid, bieh, bieh, bieh…." Its alarm call is "a high, thin, descending seeee...".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Bay-breasted Warbler
Setophaga castanea
Breeding males are distinctive with dark reddish-brown cap and sides, along with buffy nape. Two bold white wingbars. Females and fall birds are duller; most show at least some chestnut coloring on sides. Dullest birds are similar to Blackpoll and Pine Warblers; look for streaks on back, well-defined wingbars, and cleaner greenish-yellow head and neck. Prefers conifers during migration, but can be found in any woodland. Breeds in the boreal forest. In most of U.S. , only seen during migration. Winters in Central and South America. Listen carefully for extremely high-pitched, squeaky-wheel song, similar to a fast Black-and-white Warbler.
Brown-headed Honeyeater
Melithreptus brevirostris
Small honeyeater with brown cap. Primarily gray-brown with olive back and lighter underparts. Eye patch and band leading from the eye to back of the head are cream-colored. Juveniles have pale blue coloration around the eye and a yellow bill. Take care to separate from juvenile White-naped Honeyeater, which lacks the pale half collar around the side of the neck. The plumage of this species varies geographically. Common in eucalypt forests, where it is usually very vocal and active. Forages in small groups.
Yellow-eared Woodpecker
Dryobates maculifrons
Small, short-billed woodpecker with an olive-green back, a yellow nape, and a gray face. Heavily barred below and on the tail. Males have a red crown, green in females. Found in humid forests, forest edges, and second growth.
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