Caribbean Hornero
Furnarius longirostris
Thrush-sized, plump bird of open habitats, especially near water. Particularly fond of disturbed areas, often around human settlements, clearings, and roadsides. Builds an impressive dome-shaped mud nest. Rich rufous above and pale tan below, often with a darker breast. Also note white throat and eyebrow, dark reddish-brown eye. Most often seen strutting confidently on the ground, and also perches high in a tree or atop a building to sing: listen for a long, loud, descending series of explosive piping whistles. Occurs in Colombia and Venezuela, most common in northern lowlands but also south into central Andean valleys.
识别特征
The Caribbean hornero is 17 to 19 cm (6.7 to 7.5 in) long. It is a medium-sized hornero with a long and somewhat decurved bill. The subspecies differ little and the sexes' plumages are alike. Adults have a wide white supercilium, a narrow brownish gray stripe behind the eye, tawny ear coverts, and a tawny-rufous malar area. Their crown is gray. Their back, rump, and wing and uppertail coverts are bright orange rufous. Their tail is chestnut. Their flight feathers are blackish with a rufous band. Their throat is white and the rest of their underparts rich cinnamon-buff. Their iris is dark brown, their maxilla mostly dark, their mandible pale, and their legs and feet pale pinkish.
分类信息
The Caribbean hornero's taxonomy is unsettled. The International Ornithological Committee (IOC), BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW), and the Clements taxonomy treat it as a species with two subspecies, the nominate F. l. longirostris (Pelzeln, 1856) and F. l. endoecus (Cory, 1919). The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (SACC) treats it as two subspecies of the pale-legged hornero (F. leucopus). Early authors (e.g. Chapman) had treated them separately.
- 学名
- Furnarius longirostris
- 命名信息
- Pelzeln, 1856
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Furnariidae
- 属
- Furnarius
分布与栖息地
The Caribbean hornero is found from Córdoba and Antioquia departments in northern Colombia east into northwestern Venezuela to Falcón state. It inhabits a wide variety of semi-open to open landscapes in the lowlands. These include forest and woodlands along rivers (gallery forest), the edges of secondary forest, agricultural areas, and parks and gardens in towns. It favors areas near water. In elevation it mostly occurs below 1,500 m (4,900 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Caribbean hornero is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The Caribbean hornero's diet is mostly a variety of arthropods. It also includes other small invertebrates like snails. It forages singly or in pairs while walking on the ground, turning over leaves to glean and probe for its prey.<p>The Caribbean hornero's breeding season has not been described. It appears to be prolonged, with evidence of breeding recorded in most months between January and September in Colombia. Though its nest has not been formally described, it is an "oven" of mud with an inner chamber lined with dry plant matter. Both members of a pair construct it, typically on a tree branch. The clutch size is two eggs. The incubation period, time to fledging, and details of parental care are not known.<p>The Caribbean hornero is very vocal. Its song is a shortish rattle "lasting ca. 4 seconds, accelerating and then slowing, on an even pitch, or falling slightly at the end". Every note has a sharp peak followed by a downslur.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- rising
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
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Zosterops flavus
Little bright yellow bird found in southern Borneo and northern Java. Entirely yellow coloration (no dark lores or gray belly) distinguishes this species from other white-eyes within its range. A coastal forest specialist, found in coastal scrub forest, mangroves, and forest edge, as well as adjacent gardens and plantations, where it often visits planted langsat (or duku) trees. Often found on small offshore islands. Forages actively in the canopy, giving quiet tweeting and cheeping calls; unlike other white-eyes, not a strong songster. Declining across much of range due to habitat destruction and fragmentation.
Red-crested Pochard
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A diving duck of larger lakes and reservoirs, especially with fringing reeds. Male striking and unmistakable with large, rounded, rusty-orange head, long red bill, and black breast. Female rather drab but distinctive: dirty buff overall with pale cheeks, dark face, and rounded brown cap. In flight, both sexes show a thick white wing stripe and whitish underwings. Feeds mainly by dabbling and upending. A common feature of waterfowl collections in European town and city parks.
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Saucerottia saucerottei
Fairly small dark hummingbird, green overall with dark blue tail. Straight, medium-length bill. Sexes similar. Usually seen feeding singly in flowers along forest edge, shrubby second growth, and gardens. Separated from Emeralds by longer bill, blue-and-white vent, bronze patch on rump, and less deeply forked tail.
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