Steely-vented Hummingbird
Saucerottia saucerottei
Fairly small dark hummingbird, green overall with dark blue tail. Straight, medium-length bill. Sexes similar. Usually seen feeding singly in flowers along forest edge, shrubby second growth, and gardens. Separated from Emeralds by longer bill, blue-and-white vent, bronze patch on rump, and less deeply forked tail.
识别特征
The steely-vented hummingbird is 8 to 11 cm (3.1 to 4.3 in) long and weighs about 4.4 to 5.0 g (0.16 to 0.18 oz). Both sexes of all subspecies have a black bill with a pinkish or reddish base to the mandible. Adult males of the nominate subspecies have golden-green upperparts with blue-black uppertail coverts. Their tail is also blue-black. Their underparts are dark glittering golden-green with greenish to steel blue undertail coverts. Adult females have some white on their throat feathers and grayish-brown undertail coverts. Immature birds somewhat resemble the female but are overall duller and have a partly dark gray throat, a grayish brown belly, and brownish edges to the back and rump feathers.<p>The other two subspecies differ little from the nominate. S. s. warscewiczi is somewhat smaller and has a purplish to bluish tinge to the uppertail coverts. S. s. braccata has purplish tips on the rump feathers and violet-blue to bluish uppertail coverts.
分类信息
The steely-vented hummingbird was formerly placed in the genus Amazilia. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that the genus Amazilia was polyphyletic. In the revised classification to create monophyletic genera, the steely-vented hummingbird was moved by most taxonomic systems to the resurrected genus Saucerottia. However, BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) retains it in Amazilia.<p>Most taxonomic systems assign the steely-vented hummingbird three subspecies, the nominate S. s. saucerottei, S. s. warscewiczi, and S. s. braccata. HBW includes as a fourth subspecies what the others treat as the separate blue-vented hummingbird (S. hoffmanni). In addition, in the late 1800s S. s. warscewiczi was treated as a separate species with S. s. braccata as a subspecies.
- 学名
- Saucerottia saucerottei
- 命名信息
- (Delattre & Bourcier, 1846)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Saucerottia
分布与栖息地
Subspecies S. s. warscewiczi of the steely-vented hummingbird is the northernmost. It is found in northern Colombia from Sucre Department east into western Zulia state in extreme northwestern Venezuela. The nominate S. s. saucerottei is found in western and north-central Colombia on the western slope of the Western Andes and in the Cauca River valley. S. s. braccata is found in the Andes of western Venezuela in the states of Trujillo and Mérida. (Note that the range map includes that of the Central American blue-vented hummingbird.)<p>The steely-vented hummingbird inhabits semi-open to open landscapes such as scrublands, savanna, the edges of mature forest, secondary forest, plantations, and gardens. Most of them tend to be somewhat arid. In most of its range it is found between sea level and 1,500 m (4,900 ft). S. s. braccata can usually be found up to 2,000 m (6,600 ft) and rarely as high as 3,000 m (9,800 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The steely-vented hummingbird is essentially sedentary but might make local movements in response to availability of flowering plants.<p>Little is known about the steely-vented hummingbird's feeding practices or diet. It is known to forage for nectar at low bushes and trees and is thought to be somewhat territorial.<p>The steely-vented hummingbird apparently breeds at any time of the year in Colombia. Essentailly nothing else is known about the species' breeding phenology. One nest was described as a simple cup "saddled" on a limb of an isolated tree about 8 m (26 ft) above the ground. The eggs, incubation period, and time to fledging have not been described.<p>The steely-vented hummingbird's song has not been described in words. Its calls have been described as "a high, sharp tsit or dry chit, sometimes uttered in sputtering series."
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
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Pomarea dimidiata
A thick-set flycatcher with bicolored plumage, dark above and white below. Body darker than grayish head. White of underparts often extends above the bill base. Juvenile entirely rufous; while gaining dark feathers, can look messy and mottled. Found in native forest, often in undergrowth, especially in small wet steep valleys. Voice reportedly a raucous, chattering “ter whik whik whik.”
Antioquia Brushfinch
Atlapetes blancae
Rare and endangered brushfinch thought to be possibly extinct until its rediscovery in 2018. It is only known from a few locations in the Colombian Andes north of the city of Medellín. Quite similar to the widespread Slaty Brushfinch, but is paler, lacks the white spot in the wing, and shows little or no dark mustache streak. It has been observed in remnant patches of native woodland and scrub as well as in adjacent cultivated areas.
Cobb's Wren
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Endemic to the Falkland Islands, where it is found in seashore areas and offshore islets, typically in association with tussac grass. Often forages on rocky beaches, picking at food items washed up by the tide. Somewhat similar House Wren has wandered to the Falklands before, but note present species’ gray-brown head and neck, lack of a prominent eyering, and longer darker bill. Can be tame and confiding, allowing close approach. Rattling song, somewhat similar to that of House Wren, can be given from an exposed perch or deep in cover. Calls include nasal mews and harsh, dry churrs and rattles.
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