Orinoco Piculet
Picumnus pumilus
This scarce piculet is known only from a few locations in the humid lowlands of eastern Colombia, southern Venezuela, and northwestern Brazil. Its underparts are entirely barred, but upperparts are plain, lacking the barring shown by the otherwise very similar Lafresnaye’s Piculet. Inhabits light woodland and forest edge, and not found inside tall rainforest. Song is a high pitched “seep, seep, seep”, though sometimes only one or two notes are given. Call is a short, erratic trill.
识别特征
The Orinoco piculet is about 9 cm (3.5 in) long and weighs 9 to 10 g (0.32 to 0.35 oz). Adult males have a dark brown cap with yellow spots on the forehead and whiter ones on the rest of it. Their face is blackish with white spots, bare gray-blue skin around the eye, and a pale stripe behind the eye. Their upperparts are brownish green. Their primaries and secondaries are brown with greenish edges and tips. The upper side of their tail is black; the innermost pair of feathers have white inner webs and the outer three pairs have a white patch near the tip. Their chin, throat, and underparts are pale yellowish to buffy white with dark brown bars except in the center of the belly. The beak is blackish and the legs gray. Adult females are identical but for whitish spots on their entire crown. Juveniles are similar to adults but duller overall, greener above, and less evenly barred below.
分类信息
The Orinoco piculet was for a time considered a subspecies of Lafresnaye's piculet (P. lafresnayi), and they are now thought to form a superspecies. It is monotypic.
- 学名
- Picumnus pumilus
- 命名信息
- Cabanis & Heine, 1863
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Picidae
- 属
- Picumnus
分布与栖息地
According to the Clements taxonomy the Orinoco piculet is found in eastern Colombia, northwestern Brazil, and adjacent southern Venezuela's Amazonas state. However, the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society has no records from Venezuela. The species inhabits the edges of humid mature forest, the edges of gallery forest, and dense thickets. In elevation it mostly ranges up to 300 m (980 ft) but occurs locally as high as 500 m (1,600 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
As far as is known, the Orinoco piculet is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The Orinoco piculet forages from the forest's lower strata to the canopy. Its diet has not been detailed but is assumed to be ants and other small insects.<p>The Orinoco piculet's breeding season is thought to include November and December but nothing else is known about its breeding biology.<p>The Orinoco piculet's vocalizations have not been transcribed.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Brown-backed Scrub-Robin
Cercotrichas hartlaubi
Pretty robin with a dark brown back, a boldly marked face, and an unstreaked gray chest. Found in broadleaf woodland, moist savanna, and lush cultivation. Shy bird that generally skulks in thick undergrowth except when perched up to sing. Song is a variable, musical series of whistles. Similar to Red-backed Scrub-Robin, but has two clean white wingbars, a darker brown back and crown, and a wider and bolder black band across the tail.
Yellowish Pipit
Anthus chii
Rather dull buffy ground-dwelling bird with a large but disjunct range from Panama to Argentina. Streaky brown above and paler below with a streaked breast and plain belly. Note long pinkish legs and white outer tail feathers. Found in any flat open habitat including savannah, agricultural areas, and desert. Most often seen on the ground, occasionally perched up on a small shrub or fence. The only pipit in most of its range. Listen for the distinctive song, a few tick notes followed by a long descending buzzy “tzeeeeeeew,” often given in flight.
Blue-fronted Flycatcher
Eumyias hoevelli
Male shows an entirely blue hood, an olive back, and rufous underparts, including the belly. Female lacks the blue hood. Juvenile is brown and speckled all over. Singles and pairs inhabit the understory of mountain forest, sometimes joining mixed-species flocks. Confined to Sulawesi. Blue throat of male separates it from Sulawesi Blue Flycatcher. Brown back and rufous belly of female distinguishes her from Sulawesi Blue, Snowy-browed, and Rufous-throated Flycatchers. Frequently sings a thrush-like, melodious warble, medium in pitch, with an abrupt end.
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