Ecuadorian Rail
Rallus aequatorialis
Medium-sized, brightly colored rail. Overall orange with red bill and legs, gray cheek, and black stripes on back. Found locally in freshwater marshes in the high Andes of Ecuador and southernmost Colombia, as well as a few very rare populations near the coast in Peru. No similar species in range. Shy and not often seen, but sometimes wanders along the edge of reeds. Most easily detected by voice; most common call is a wheezy, descending and accelerating series of grunts.
识别特征
The Ecuadorian rail is 20 to 21 cm (7.9 to 8.3 in) long and weighs about 85 g (3.0 oz). The sexes are alike. Adults have a long, slightly decurved, bill that is reddish brown with a bright orange base. Their legs are dull orange. They have brown upperparts with blackish streaking and much rufous on the wing coverts. Their face and the sides of the neck are bluish gray and their throat white. Their underparts are dull cinnamon-buff with black and white barring on the flanks.
分类信息
The IOC treats the Ecuadorian rail as a separate species with two subspecies, the nominate R. a. aequatorialis and R. a. meyerdeschauenseei. They base this treatment on Ridgely & Greenfield (2001). However, the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society, the Clements taxonomy, and BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) treat those two taxa as subspecies of the Virginia rail.<p>This article follows the IOC model.
- 学名
- Rallus aequatorialis
- 命名信息
- Sharpe, 1894
- 目
- Gruiformes
- 科
- Rallidae
- 属
- Rallus
分布与栖息地
The Ecuadorian rail is found in the Andes from extreme southern Colombia to southern Ecuador and coastally in Peru between the departments of La Libertad and Arequipa. It inhabits marshes and wet grasslands at elevations up to about 2,400 m (7,900 ft).
行为
The Ecuadorian rail is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The Ecuadorian rail mostly forages in vegetation but sometimes ventures slightly into more open areas early in the morning. Its diet has not been determined separately from that of the Virginia rail sensu lato. That species has an eclectic diet that includes adult and larval aquatic invertebrates of many kinds, amphibians, and plant material.<p>Details of the Ecuadorian rail's breeding biology are not known.<p>As of late 2022, xeno-canto had no recordings of Ecuadorian rail vocalizations and the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's Macaulay Library had 10. Its calls are described as "a descending series of squeals and grunts" with a higher pitch than those of the Virginia rail.
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Eurasian Linnet
Linaria cannabina
Small finch of open country, from wild moorland to rough grassland and weedy patches in urban areas. Like other finches, often forms flocks in autumn and winter; does not usually visit garden feeders. Generally looks small and rather dull, unless male is seen well, when reddish breast, gray head, and rusty-brown back are a distinctive combination. Drab female best identified by face pattern: broad pale crescents above and below eyes, and pale cheek patch. Listen for musical twittering song and dry tittering calls, often given in flight.
Green Oropendola
Psarocolius viridis
Large, stocky bird. Green-and-chestnut plumage can look mostly black under some conditions and at a distance. Note size, yellow tail, and deep, rowing wingbeats. Reliably distinguished from other green-plumaged oropendolas by pale green-and-red bill. Found in rainforest canopy and edges as well as along rivers, in villages, and in savanna woodlands. Groups move noisily through the forest canopy in search of fruit and flowers. Large flocks are sometimes seen commuting between roosting and feeding areas. Distinctive song of male can be heard at a great distance.
Flammulated Flycatcher
Ramphotrigon flammulatum
Medium-sized flycatcher of thorn forest and brushy woodland in tropical lowlands and foothills of west Mexico. Mostly sluggish and easily overlooked unless singing; tends to stay within cover rather than coming out into open areas. Resembles a Myiarchus flycatcher (especially Dusky-capped), but note the pale spectacles, faint dusky streaks on the breast (or flammulations ) and extensive cinnamon edging to the wing feathers.
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