Western Chat-Tanager
Calyptophilus tertius
A long-tailed, shy, ground-feeding species of wet broadleaf forests with dense undergrowth, especially near streams from 700 to 2,000 meters elevation. Dark brown, with white throat that fades into gray-brown chest and belly. Primarily feeds in thick leaf litter. Rather similar to the Eastern Chat-Tanager, which is a bit smaller and has a yellow eyering. This species’ full song is a loud, whistled “tsew, tsee-ew, tsee-ew, tsu, tsu, tsu,” or variations thereon, with final notes given rapidly; often sung in fragments. Songs are more clearly whistled than those of Eastern Chat-Tanager. Call is a “chep.”
识别特征
The western chat-tanager is 20 to 21 cm (7.9 to 8.3 in) long and weighs about 40 to 55 g (1.4 to 1.9 oz). It has a long bill and tail, so it somewhat resembles a mockingbird's shape. The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a dark olive-brown head, with a blackish crown and a small rusty spot between the eye and bill. The rest of their upperparts are dark reddish brown. Their throat and underparts are white, with a heavy wash of grayish brown on the flanks and lower belly.
分类信息
The western chat-tanager shares its genus with the eastern chat-tanager (C. frugivorus), and was previously treated as a subspecies of it. There is a high degree of divergence between the two in mitochondrial DNA and intron sequences. Speciation is likely to have occurred on two ancient islands, which later fused to form present-day Hispaniola. The genus was long included in the family Thraupidae, the "true" tanagers, but it was moved in 2017. The western chat-tanager is monotypic.
- 学名
- Calyptophilus tertius
- 命名信息
- Wetmore, 1929
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Calyptophilidae
- 属
- Calyptophilus
分布与栖息地
The western chat-tanager is found throughout Hispaniola's highest mountain ranges, in southwestern Haiti's Massif de la Hotte and Chaîne de la Selle and the adjacent Sierra de Bahoruco in the southwestern Dominican Republic. It inhabits broadleaf forest and dense brushy areas, especially in ravines and near water. In elevation it occurs between 745 and 2,200 m (2,444.23 and 7,217.85 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The western chat-tanager is a year-round resident throughout its range. It is secretive and usually encountered on or near the ground.<p>The feeding behavior and diet of the western chat-tanager are not well known. Both are apparently similar to those of the eastern chat-tanager. That species forages on or near the ground, usually in pairs. Its diet is mostly insects and other invertebrates with a small amount of fruit.<p>The western chat-tanager's breeding season is thought to be May to July. Only two nests have been described. They were bulky domes of coarse material like woody stems, vine tendrils, moss, and lichen with a lining of finer material, placed about 1 to 1.5 m (3 to 5 ft) above the ground. One held two eggs; after hatching, both parents provisioned the nestlings.<p>Both sexes of the western chat-tanager sing, usually at dawn. Their song is described as a buzzy "wee-chee-chee-chee". Their calls include a "chip-chip" and a "tick, tick, tick, tick...".
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Olivaceous Elaenia
Elaenia mesoleuca
Small nondescript flycatcher usually seen in pairs. Found in the interior and borders of forests. Olive-brown above and grayish breast with a pale belly. Note two wingbars and lack of a crest. Very similar to Small-billed Elaenia but has two (not three) wing bars and a darker breast. The song is harsh and squeaky “weel-weekru.”
White-wedged Piculet
Picumnus albosquamatus
Tiny woodpecker occurring in dense savanna and dry forests. The back is olive-brown, spotted white in some regions, and the breast is white with dense black scales or spots depending on region. The crown is black with white spots; males have a red forehead, black in females. The song is high-pitched trill.
Black Wheatear
Oenanthe leucura
Distinctive large, dark wheatear with a strong bill. Males are largely all black except for a white tail, rump, and vent. The tail has a black center and terminal band. Females are similar, but browner. Normally encountered foraging on the ground in rocky areas with steep slopes. Shy and typically flies uphill when flushed. Song is a pleasant warble, sometimes with a buzzy or trilled element. Calls include a smooth whistle “eee eee.”
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