White-backed Woodpecker
Dendrocopos leucotos
Marginally larger than Great Spotted Woodpecker, but appears distinctly longer-billed. White back in some subspecies is not always obvious when perched but easy to see in flight. Streaky flanks are distinctive. Also note varying amounts of red on the lower belly and undertail. Gives a somewhat hoarse “kik”, sometimes in rattled series. Drum is fast and fades towards the end. Found in mature undisturbed deciduous and mixed forest with lots of dead trees; sometimes near water, as well as in recently burned areas. Threatened by habitat loss in much of its range.
识别特征
It is the largest of the spotted woodpeckers in the western Palearctic, 24–26 cm long with wing-span 38–40 cm. The plumage is similar to the great spotted woodpecker, but with white bars across the wings rather than spots, and a white lower back. The male has a red crown, the female a black one. Drumming by males is very loud, calls include a soft kiuk and a longer kweek.
分类信息
The white-backed woodpecker was described by the German naturalist Johann Matthäus Bechstein in 1802 under the binomial name Picus leucotos. The specific epithet leucotos combines the Classical Greek leukos meaning "white" and -nōtos meaning "-backed". The type locality is Silesia, a historical region mainly located in Poland. The species is now placed in the genus Dendrocopos that was introduced by the German naturalist Carl Ludwig Koch in 1816.<p>Twelve subspecies are recognised.<p>The subspecies D. l. owstoni is sometimes considered a distinct species, the Amami woodpecker.
- 学名
- Dendrocopos leucotos
- 命名信息
- (Bechstein, 1802)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Picidae
- 属
- Dendrocopos
分布与栖息地
The nominate race D. l. leucotos occurs in central and northern Europe, with the race D. l. lilfordi found in the Balkans and Turkey. Ten further races occur in the region eastwards as far as Korea and Japan. It is a scarce bird, requiring large tracts of mature deciduous forests with high amounts of standing and laying dead wood. Numbers have decreased in Nordic countries. In Sweden, its population decline has caused the Swedish government to enact protection for the species in the national Biodiversity Action Plan.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
In the breeding season it excavates a nest hole about 7 cm wide and 30 cm deep in a decaying tree trunk. It lays three to five white eggs and incubates for 10–11 days. It lives predominantly on wood-boring beetles as well as their larvae, as well as other insects, nuts, seeds and berries.<p>In the wild the white-backed Woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos) can survive between three and four years, while in captivity they can survive for approximately eleven years.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Rufous-capped Babbler
Cyanoderma ruficeps
Medium-sized songbird, dark olive above, dusky yellowish below, with a yellow face and rufous crown. Moves about low in dense bushy vegetation or bamboo in pairs or flocks, often with other species. Song, a series of clear, descending, bell-like whistles, easily imitated; chatters nasally when alarmed.
Rufous-winged Sparrow
Peucaea carpalis
Subtly marked sparrow with a poor name; "rufous wing" is restricted to a tiny, barely visible patch on the shoulder. Gray head and neck with peaked rufous crown and rufous eyeline. Stout pink bill. Sides are buff and unstreaked on adults. Back and wings are also buffy with fine markings. Paler throat is edged with thin dark lines. Primarily a Mexican species with very limited range in the U.S.; found in pairs or small flocks in brushy grasslands. Variable song usually composed of a few clear tinkling notes and trills.
Chestnut-winged Foliage-gleaner
Dendroma erythroptera
Gray-brown foliage-gleaner with reddish wings and tail. Face and throat washed with dull yellow, with a faint eyeline; this is unlike many other foliage-gleaners which have a clear eyebrow or throat patch. Usually forages fairly high in the midstory and canopy of mature rainforest, often with mixed species flocks. Many foliage-gleaners have reddish wings; look for reddish wings contrasting with grayish body and tawny ochraceous face and throat in this species.
开始您的观鸟之旅
在户外识别鸟类，并在下一次观察时随手查阅鸟类图鉴。