Horned Parakeet
Eunymphicus cornutus
Spectacular, relatively large mostly green parakeet with blue on the tail and wings, black face, red crown, and thin but prominent “horns” consisting of a crest made up of a pair of black feathers. Found in remnant patches of high-quality forest. Larger than other parrot species on New Caledonia, with a distinctive voice: relatively low-pitched, nasal notes that sound more like some calls of New Caledonian Friarbird than a parakeet.
识别特征
Adult birds usually measure approximately 32 cm (or about 14 inches) in length, including the tail. Like many parrots, the horned parakeet is primarily green in color. This parrot has a yellowish nape with a black and red face and bluish wings and tail. Its most striking feature is a two-feather black crest, with the crest feathers tipped in red.<p>It makes a nasal "kho-khoot" contact call, and also makes a wide range of shrieks and chuckles.
分类信息
The horned parakeet was formally described in 1788 by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in his revised and expanded edition of Carl Linnaeus's Systema Naturae. He placed it with all the other parrots in the genus Psittacus and coined the binomial name Psittacus cornutus. Gmelin based his description on the "horned parrot" that had been described and illustrated in 1781 by the English ornithologist John Latham in his A General Synopsis of Birds. Latham's specimen had been obtained from New Caledonia during Captain James Cook's first voyage to the south Pacific Ocean. The specimen formed part of the collection of Joseph Banks. The horned parakeet is now placed with the Ouvea parakeet in the genus Eunymphicus that was introduced in 1937 by the American ornithologist James L. Peters. The genus name combines the Ancient Greek eu meaning "true" and the genus name Nymphicus that had been introduce in 1832 by Johann Georg Wagler for the cockatiel. The specific epithet cornutus is Latin meaning "horned".<p>In 1998, it was found through DNA studies that Eunymphicus cornutus, the horned parakeet, and Eunymphicus uvaeensis, the Ouvea parakeet, were two separate species.
- 学名
- Eunymphicus cornutus
- 命名信息
- (Gmelin, JF, 1788)
- 目
- Psittaciformes
- 科
- Psittaculidae
- 属
- Eunymphicus
分布与栖息地
The horned parakeet is endemic to New Caledonia. It preferentially selects rainforest and laurel forest habitat, but will accept scrublands or savannah. It lives in humid pine forests on New Caledonia, especially when Agathis and Araucaria pines are present.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
Small family groups, or pairs, will forage in the canopy for their diet of nuts and seeds.<p>Horned parakeets will nest either on or near the ground, and also in hollowed-out logs, or nest hollows in dead trees. Uncommon among parrots, horned parakeets have been reported nest-sharing. The number of eggs laid is usually 2–4. Incubation lasts 21–22 days (in captivity) and the time from hatching to fledging is approximately 5 to 6 weeks (again, in captivity).
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- rising
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
African Paradise-Flycatcher
Terpsiphone viridis
This remarkable flycatcher occurs in both rufous and white morphs, but it always has grayish underparts and a strong crest. The breeding male has ludicrous central tail feathers, twenty centimeters long, that trail like the ribbon of a rhythmic gymnast, while the female lacks the tail streamers and has a smaller crest. Singles and pairs occasionally join flocks in open woodland, riverine forest, and thickets, avoiding lowland evergreen forest. Very vocal, often giving a repeated grating “dzee-zwee” call and a sweet melodic “willie-willie-willie-wee-wooo” song. The very similar Rufous-vented Paradise-Flycatcher differs from African Paradise-Flycatcher by having a rufous undertail and a shorter crest.
Rufous-backed Sibia
Leioptila annectens
Ebony head and snowy throat, combined with the hazy mixture of bright orange and black on the back, give this bird a distinctly “tortoiseshell” appearance. Appears larger-headed and slightly shorter-tailed than other sibias. Inhabits foothill and montane forests, where it travels in pairs and flocks through the canopy. Unlike other sibias, frequently clambers around on tree trunks and branches like a nuthatch. Listen for its lovely warbled song and buzzy chattering calls.
Lettered Aracari
Pteroglossus inscriptus
Small toucan found across southern Amazonia. Unlikely to be confused in range. Essentially dark above with entirely yellow underparts; note the bare blue skin above the eye. Named for the squiggly dark markings on the bill. Typically found in pairs or small groups in the canopy of lowland forest and edges, up into the foothills of the Andes. Often seen perched conspicuously on a snag, or foraging in a fruiting tree.
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