Veraguan Mango
Anthracothorax veraguensis
Rather large hummingbird with a slightly decurved bill, extremely similar to Green-breasted Mango, and range overlap is not perfectly understood. Apparently Veraguan Mango mostly replaces Green-breasted from the Osa Peninsula to Panama City. Male is entirely green with dark purplish tail. Look for blue stripe running down the center of throat and breast (not black like Green-breasted Mango). Females have white underparts with dark greenish line running down the center; nearly identical to Green-breasted Mango. Juveniles have orange bordering the white underparts. Found in habitats including forests, second growth, gardens, and mangroves.
识别特征
The Veraguan mango is a medium-sized hummingbird species, reaching lengths of 11–12 cm. Both sexes are metallic green with a slightly decurved, dark grey beak, and black tail feathers with a red circle central to each feather. This species exhibits sexual dimorphism. Males have a blueish breast and belly, whilst females have a white-cream belly with a dark teal stripe running down the breast. The morphology of the Veraguan mango is very similar to that of the Green-breasted mango, however it differs by the lack of black plumage on the throat. The black ventral stripe seen in the Green-breasted mango is teal coloured in female Veraguan mangos.
分类信息
Due to its similar morphology and overlapping distributions, the Veraguan mango was considered conspecific with the Green-breasted mango and was included in the species Anthracothorax prevostii. It was described as its own species, Anthracothorax veraguensis due to morphological differences such as the lack of black plumage on its underside. An analysis of the Trochilidae found that within the genus Anthracothorax, A. prevostii and A. veraguensis are indeed sister species.
- 学名
- Anthracothorax veraguensis
- 命名信息
- Reichenbach, 1855
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Anthracothorax
分布与栖息地
The species is named for the region it was first discovered in, Veraguas Province in Panama. However, it is common throughout much of the Pacific coastline of Panama and into Costa Rica. Until recently it was considered endemic to Panama, but has now been sighted in the southern Pacific lowlands of Costa Rica. In 2009 it was added to the official list of birds of Costa Rica. Like other hummingbird species, the Veraguan mango feeds on nectar and invertebrates. It has been observed feeding on the flowers of Erythrina gibbosa in Costa Rica, and other species in the genus Erythrina at other locations.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
It is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN. Its population size and population trend are not known, but are not believed to be sufficient to raise its status to Vulnerable. It is known to occupy a restricted range of approximately 57,300 km2, however this is above the criterion needed to be listed as vulnerable.
- 种群趋势
- stable
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Asian Tit
Parus cinereus
Large and pugnacious, this common tit is found in a wide range of wooded habitats, from dense hill forests to manicured city parks throughout much of Asia from India to Indonesia. Adult has a flashy white cheek on a black head, a black stripe on a white belly, and gray wings; East Asian birds have a hint of green near the shoulder. Juveniles are duller, replacing the adult’s black with gray. Very vocal; song is a bright “tzi-hei tzi-hei!” or “tzee-tzee-tzee-tzee”; also gives loud chips, seeps, and harsh scolding “tzi-tzi-tzshhhhhh.” Formerly treated as two separate species, Japanese Tit and Cinereous Tit.
Caatinga Black-Tyrant
Knipolegus franciscanus
Black flycatcher with a short crest. Males are glossy black with a white band across the flight feathers and red eyes. Females are brown above with a rusty rump and white below with dusky streaks. Found in dry forests in rocky areas, where males are usually seen perching conspicuously.
Fulvous Shrike-Tanager
Lanio fulvus
This tanager inhabits lowland and foothill rainforest and is almost always encountered with large mixed-species flocks. Male is burnt-orange with black hood and wings: somewhat reminiscent of an oriole. Female is drab, confusing, and rather variable, but she is usually darker tawny or ochraceous on the belly and rump compared to females of similar species; also note hooked bill. Quite vocal, often giving a repeated “cheer” and an abrupt rattle.
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