Chinstrap Penguin
Pygoscelis antarcticus
Classy-looking medium-sized penguin. Slender “chinstrap” is unique and unmistakable, but can be difficult to see at a distance; instead, note this species’ white face, dark bill, and cleanly flat-bottomed dark cap. Breeds in colonies on rocky terrain in the Subantarctic, particularly in the southern Atlantic. Winters as far north as far southern Argentina. Gives loud, hoarse barking and braying calls on the breeding grounds.
识别特征
The chinstrap penguin grows to a length of 68–76 cm (27–30 in) and a weight of 3.2–5.3 kg (7.1–11.7 lb), with the weight varying with the time of year. Males are greater in weight and height than females.<p>The adult chinstrap's flippers are black with a white edge; the inner sides of the flippers are white. The face is white extending behind the eyes, which are reddish brown; the chin and throat are white, as well, while the short bill is black. The strong legs and the webbed feet are pink. Its short, stumpy legs give it a distinct waddle when it walks. The chinstrap penguin's black back and white underside provide camouflage in the form of countershading when viewed from above or below, helping to avoid detection by its predators.
分类信息
This species was originally given the scientific name Aptenodytes antarctica by Johann Reinhold Forster in 1781, thereby placing it in the same genus as the king and emperor penguins. In 1990, Graham Turbott transferred this species into the genus Pygoscelis, together with the Adélie and gentoo penguins. This gave it the new name P. antarctica. However, this is an orthographic error due to the disagreement in Latin grammar between antarctica and its assigned genus. The corrected form, P. antarcticus, is the currently accepted name for this species.
- 学名
- Pygoscelis antarcticus
- 命名信息
- (Forster, JR, 1781)
- 目
- Sphenisciformes
- 科
- Spheniscidae
- 属
- Pygoscelis
分布与栖息地
Chinstrap penguins have a circumpolar distribution. They breed in Antarctica, Argentina, Bouvet Island, Chile, the French Southern Territories, and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. Vagrant individuals have been found in New Zealand, the islands of Saint Helena and Tristan da Cunha, and South Africa.
- 繁殖区
- SO, AN : Antarctic Pen. and satellites; Balleny I. (e Antarctica)
- 非繁殖区
- mostly s of Antarctic Convergence; to s South America, subantarctic is.
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
Migration pattern: Complete migrants.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
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Fairly large, chunky weaver. Both sexes have a pale eye, an olive back, and yellow underparts. Males have a black face mask, a yellow-orange top of the head, and a black spot on the back of the head. Females have an all-black head. Generally uncommon and local in montane woodland, scrub, and forest edge. Vocalizations are typical of weavers: “chet” notes and a sizzling, “radio static” song. Can be similar to Baglafecht Weaver, but always separated by the black rather than yellow throat.
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