Puna Plover
Anarhynchus alticola
Rather chunky, small plover of Andean salt flats, bogs, and lakeshores. Found singly or in small groups, sometimes associating loosely with other shorebirds such as migrant Baird’s Sandpipers. Plumage distinctive (no seasonal changes), with broad black diagonal mask across the face, a variable rusty cap (males average brighter than females), and only faint dusky breast bands. Juvenile lacks black and rusty head pattern and is rather drab overall, but no similar species in range (soon attains adultlike plumage).
识别特征
The puna plover is 16.5 to 17.5 cm (6.5 to 6.9 in) long and weighs 41 to 49 g (1.4 to 1.7 oz). It has a short thick neck and its bill and legs are black. Adult males have a white face. They have a black bar on the forecrown and a black strip behind the eye that connects to black patches on the sides of the breast. They have a pale chestnut crown, hindneck, and breast band. Their upperparts are dull brown and their underparts white but for the breast band. Adult females are duller; their breast band can be grayish and the areas that are black on the male can be brownish. Juveniles are essentially brown above and white below, with little or none of the adults' black and chestnut.
分类信息
The puna plover has at times been considered conspecific with the two-banded plover (A. falklandicus) but now some treat the two as a superspecies. The puna plover is monotypic.
- 学名
- Anarhynchus alticola
- 命名信息
- (Berlepsch & Stolzmann, 1902)
- 目
- Charadriiformes
- 科
- Charadriidae
- 属
- Anarhynchus
分布与栖息地
The puna plover is found in the high Andes from Peru's Department of Junín south through western Bolivia into northern Chile as far as the Atacama Region and into northwestern Argentina to Catamarca Province. It inhabits the plateaus of the puna zone, where it is typically found in short grassland around both salt- and freshwater lakes. In elevation it mostly ranges between 3,000 and 4,500 m (9,800 and 14,800 ft) but is found as low as 2,400 m (7,900 ft) and as high as 5,000 m (16,000 ft). The puna plover is probably resident in most of its range but some move to lower elevations, even as far as the coast, during the austral winter.
- 迁徙
- Vertical migration
行为
Almost nothing is known about the puna plover's foraging techniques or diet, but the latter does include small crustaceans. In the non-breeding season it can forage in loose flocks of up to about 30 birds.<p>The puna plover's egg season is mainly September and October though it can extend to January. The clutch of two to four eggs is laid on short matted grass. The incubation period and time to fledging are not known.<p>The puna plover is not highly vocal. What is thought to be its display song is "a repeated phrase of two notes followed by a gravelly trill, e.g. 'pit-pit-krrrrrt... pit-pit-krrrrrt...'." It also makes " a short, emphatic 'pit'" that may be rapidly repeated.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- unknown
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Sepia-capped Flycatcher
Leptopogon amaurocephalus
Inconspicuous small flycatcher of humid tropical forest and edge. Usually found at middle levels inside forest and also in adjacent clearings where sometimes suspends its nest under the eaves of buildings, including ruins. Mainly sits quietly and fairly upright; at times sallies to pick insects from foliage. Note the grayish face with a dark ear patch, dark brownish (sepia) crown, and buffy wing edgings. Call is a stuttering froglike trill, given infrequently.
Cinnabar Boobook
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A small, richly rufous-colored owl confined to the island of Sulawesi. Largely chestnut-colored, with white markings on the wings and an entirely rufous head with yellow eyes. Mottled underneath, with a white belly in the southern part of its small range. Inhabits treetops of montane forest, typically in pairs. Lacks the white facial markings of the similar Ochre-bellied Boobook; also occurs at higher elevations and sounds markedly different. Gives a distinctive two-part staccato knocking call, “crock-crock,” often repeated.
Bryan's Shearwater
Puffinus bryani
Smallest known shearwater. Tiny, black and white shearwater with rapidly fluttering wingbeats and an entirely white face. Little is known about this species, though it differs from the very similar Rapa Shearwater by having a black undertail, shorter tail and being paler grayish black.
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