Mexican Sheartail
Doricha eliza
Only in Mexico. Fairly common small hummingbird of dry coastal scrub in northern Yucatan Peninsula; also very local in dry scrub of central Veracruz. Favors fairly open areas with low scrubby bushes and agave plants. Note the long and slightly arched bill and the long tail, which is usually held closed in a single point. Striking male is distinctive if you are lucky enough to see one. Females and immatures have a distinctive dusky cheek stripe, and usually outnumber adult males by at least 5 to 1.
识别特征
This is a tiny bird, weighing only 2.4 to 2.6 g (0.085 to 0.092 oz). All Mexican sheartails have a long, curved and black bill, a dull green crown and bronzy-green nape and upperparts. Males and females are sexual dimorphic. The male, which are 9 to 10 centimetres (3.5 to 3.9 in) long including the tail, have a white line behind the eye and a pink-purple throat with a white band below. His underparts are dull green, being clearer on median belly and feathers cover his undertail. The male's tail is long and deeply forked, usually held closed in repose. His inner tail are feathers green, the rest being black with cinnamon inner margins. Female, at 8.5 to 9 cm (3.3 to 3.5 in), has a whitish face with a blackish stripe behind the eye. Her throat, chest and belly are whitish with cinnamon tinges on the sides. The female has a shorter forked tail, the outer feathers of which are reddish with a subterminal black band and white tips. Immatures are similar to females.
分类信息
- 学名
- Doricha eliza
- 命名信息
- (Lesson, RP & Delattre, 1839)
- 目
- Apodiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Doricha
分布与栖息地
It is found only in Mexico where it lives in two disjunct populations, one in the center of Veracruz and the other in the northern coastal area of the Yucatan Peninsula.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, mangroves, rural gardens and urban areas. A specific example of the mangrove habitat is the Petenes mangroves ecoregion in the Yucatán Peninsula.The species is threatened by habitat loss.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The Mexican sheartail feeds on nectar from flowers and has been seen visiting Ipomoea, Justicia and Helicteres guazumaefolia. It also sometimes consumes small arthropods. In Veracruz, breeding takes place from May onwards and in Yucatán, between August and April. The tiny cup-shaped nest is made of lichens, spiders webs and the seeds of daisy family plants. Two eggs are laid and newly fledged young have been reported from Yucatán in February and March.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
New Zealand Pigeon
Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae
Large pigeon endemic to New Zealand with distinctive blue-green iridescent plumage, white belly, and red eye. Makes conspicuous display flights in breeding season; often seen feeding on heavily fruiting trees or fresh leaves and flower buds in spring. Widespread where food is available. Only emits soft “oo” calls, but note distinctive wingbeat sound, especially when alighting or taking off. Chatham Island Pigeon, the only similar species, is larger and confined to Chatham Islands.
Obscure Berrypecker
Melanocharis arfakiana
A small, rare and little-known bird of foothill forest. Medium gray head and back, pale gray throat and chest, and olive flight feathers. Feeds on small berries in the midstory and sub-canopy. Similar to female Black and Mid-mountain Berrypeckers, but Obscure has an orange base to the bill and a yellow tuft on the sides. Song, a short high-pitch phrase “wichoo-wichiti!”
Green Crombec
Sylvietta virens
A small, virtually tailless olive-green bird. Note the slightly darker cap and the pale eyebrow. There is geographical variation in the color of the underparts, which vary from brown-and-gray to buff-and-yellow. Found at middle levels and in the understory of rainforest, secondary growth, and scrub, often in pairs or small groups. Very similar to Lemon-bellied Crombec, but slightly larger, longer-billed, and even the subspecies that shows yellow on the belly is duller yellow below than Lemon-bellied. An inconspicuous bird that is most often detected by its song, a quick musical warble in a descending pattern.
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