Long-tailed Paradigalla

Small, cryptic brown sandpiper found locally in the high Andes. Favors bogs, wetlands, and lakeshores with rushes and other cover. Range does not overlap with other species of snipe, so identification is usually by default. Mainly found as singles or small loose groups, and rarely seen until flushed from close range. Note very long bill, cryptic striped upperparts, striped face, and yellowish legs. Flushes suddenly with raspy calls and flies quickly away, sometimes in rather bounding flight.

A bright-eyed, hefty billed bird of forests and to a lesser extent scrublands. Tends to hold its tail cocked up and wings drooped, especially when feeding. Mostly gray with a blackish mask and whitish underparts. Brown Trembler is largely warm brown, lacks white underparts of Gray Trembler and has a weaker mask, if any. White-breasted Thrasher is dark brown above and largely bright white below with a dark red eye (not yellow as in Gray Trembler). Song is a slow jumble of rich whistles and high-pitched sibilant notes. Calls include scattered whistles and harsh scolding notes.

A candy-red bill, curving white head stripe, and lacey black-and-white striping make this a unique and attractive species. Found only in and around the Yanbaru Forest on Okinawa Island, where it forages on the forest floor, often in pairs or small flocks. Most frequently seen as it crosses roads, trails, and clearings. Gives a variety of different calls, typically given during dusk, dawn, or nighttime hours. All are somewhat terrifying, a medley of shrill yelps, high-pitched squeals, and a laughter-like clattering.