Orinocan Saltator

Even-colored antshrike of forest under- and midstory. Often travels with mixed-species flocks. Males are plain gray; females are tawny with olive underparts. Females have a more contrasting reddish cap than other female antshrikes. Heard more often than seen; listen for a series of accelerating “awh” notes terminating in a punctuated down-slurred note.

A rather large olive-brown thrush with conspicuous orange-yellow legs and bill, a bold black brow, and an obvious yellow eye-ring. Juveniles are scaled below. Found in montane forest, foraging both on the ground and high in the understory, sometimes joining mixed-species flocks. Confined to Sulawesi, where distinguished from Geomalia and Island Thrush by presence of black brow and lack of rufous belly. Sulawesi Thrush is also shorter-tailed than Geomalia. Song is typical of thrushes: a rich, melodious, mournful song with fluty cadences. Also gives chattering calls and a high, weak “tsip.”

As the name suggests, a brown bird with a horn (casque) on its bill. Males are more brightly marked, with a white face and light orange-brown underparts. Females are darker brown with an almost black face. Both sexes have pale bills with small casques and a patch of bare blue-gray skin around the eye (smaller and darker in females). Inhabits lowland and hill forests. Gives high-pitched, rather raptor-like screams.