Choco Tinamou
Crypturellus kerriae
A rare and poorly known chickenlike bird restricted to remote areas in extreme southeast Panama and northwest Colombia. Like other forest-based tinamous, this species walks on the ground and is very difficult to see. Occurs in mature foothill forests up to around 1,500 m. Dark brown overall with a blackish head, a slightly paler throat, and some darker barring on the belly and back. Legs reddish. Listen for its low mournful whistle that rises slightly at the end.
识别特征
The Choco tinamou is approximately 25 to 26.5 cm (9.8–10.4 in) in length. It is a small, plain dark tinamou. Its upperparts are dark brown, with blackish crown, slate-grey sides of neck, whitish throat and indistinct dusky barring. Its legs are red. The females are darker with coarser barring on wing-coverts and breast, and grey flanks.
分类信息
The Choco tinamou is a monotypic species. All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.
- 学名
- Crypturellus kerriae
- 命名信息
- (Chapman, 1915)
- 目
- Tinamiformes
- 科
- Tinamidae
- 属
- Crypturellus
分布与栖息地
The Choco tinamou resides in tropical and sub-tropical moist evergreen forests both lowland and montane up to 1,500 m (4,900 ft) altitude. However, it seems that it prefers higher elevations.<p>The Choco tinamou is currently threatened by the vast destruction of its habitats caused by road construction, human settlement, timber extraction and mining. The completion of a new road-bridge has made unprotected areas of coastal plain forest adjacent to the Ensenada de Utría National Park accessible to settlement and further threatens its habitats. The population at Atrato valley, Colombia, would probably be the most threatened caused by human settlement, and conversion to farmland and banana plantations. It is presumably hunted wherever humans are present. The completion of the Pan-American highway through Darién and the canalisation of the Truandó and lower Atrato Rivers, to make an inter-oceanic fairway, are currently on hold, but could have serious effects on the species if it is to be completed. The biggest threats are hunting, and the on-hold transportation plans.<p>The Choco tinamou is currently protected in Darién National Park, Panama, and Ensenada de Utría National Park, Colombia. Los Katíos National Park, Colombia, also protects 720 km2 (280 sq mi) of apparently suitable habitat in the Chocó region, but the species has yet to be recorded in the reserve. It was proposed to survey areas and study the ecology to provide an improved understanding of its status and distribution. The status of Choco tinamou is considered as Vulnerable because it is known from only a few locations within its small range where habitat is gradually disappearing. It has an occurrence range of 6,200 km2 (2,400 sq mi), with a 2000 estimate of less than 10,000 adult birds (1500-5000 low end estimate). This species is found in northwestern Chocó Department Colombia, and southern Darién Department Panama
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
It has a low, faint, mournful, three-note whistle voice. Like other tinamous, the Choco tinamou eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Collared Sunbird
Hedydipna collaris
A tiny, short-billed sunbird with a metallic-green back and a yellow belly. The male has a green throat and a narrow purplish breast band; the female is duller, with a yellow throat and no breast band. Pairs frequent forest edge, woodland, and savanna, where they join mixed-species flocks to glean leaves and hover to catch insect prey. But they will also feed on fruit and nectar, often by piercing the base of a flower and sucking out nectar without pollinating. The “yellow-bellied” races of Variable Sunbird differ from Collared Sunbird by being larger, with a longer bill and broader purple-blue breast band.
Eastern Bonelli's Warbler
Phylloscopus orientalis
A small, pallid, long-winged leaf warbler. Separable from the closely related Western Bonelli's Warbler by range and vocalizations. Similar to other leaf warblers such as Common Chiffchaff and Willow Warbler, but note present species’ plainer facial pattern, prominent yellowish-green wing panel and outer tail feathers, and very white underparts. Song is a short, ringing trill. Call is a distinctive sharp “tzip.” Flits around in bushes and trees searching for tiny invertebrates; often hovers while feeding. Breeds in dense Mediterranean scrub and forests. During non-breeding season, found in various vegetated habitats including desert acacia wadis, open woodlands, and scrub.
Philippine Swiftlet
Aerodramus mearnsi
Uncommon dark swiftlet. Endemic to a smattering of the Philippines islands, from Luzon to Mindanao to Palawan. Habitat can be helpful in identifying this confusing species; generally favors ridges and slopes in montane and submontane areas above 700-800 meters. Readily confused with significantly larger Ameline Swiftlet, but present species has a more squared-off-looking tail (fork is shallow and often unnoticeable), tends to fly lower and more erratically, and more often forms flocks. Combination of dark rump, unglossed dark back, and medium size separates this species from Gray-rumped Swiftlet, Pygmy Swiftlet, and Ridgetop Swiftlet. Frequently calls while in flight, giving a squeaky chattering twitter.
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