Gorgeted Puffleg
Eriocnemis isabellae
Rare and endangered hummingbird found in the Andes of southwestern Colombia. Accessing its tiny known range is difficult, and only a few intrepid and lucky birders have seen one. Male looks quite dark, but has a glittering blue throat bordered on both sides by iridescent green as well as white leg puffs and a blue vent. Female is mostly green with a buffy tinge to the underparts, faint whisker marks, and smaller leg puffs; she is similar to female Glowing Puffleg, but typically has a fainter throat patch and less buff on the neck. Inhabits stunted cloud forest at high elevations.
识别特征
The gorgeted puffleg is 8 to 9 cm (3.1 to 3.5 in) long and weighs about 4.5 g (0.16 oz). It has a short, straight, black bill. Unique among pufflegs, the male has a glittering violet-blue gorget edged with green. The male's upperparts are mostly blackish with golden olive green iridescence; the rump has a green gloss. The moderately forked tail is dark steely blue. The breast and belly are velvety black with green gloss on the sides and the undertail coverts are blue. The leg puffs are white. The eye is dark brown and the legs blackish. The female's upperparts are a lighter bronzy green with a bluish rump and uppertail coverts. The belly is golden green with rufous fringes to the feathers and a turquoise gloss.
分类信息
The first known example of the gorgeted puffleg was mist-netted in 2005. Subsequent visits to the area provided more captures and allowed comparison of the birds to specimens of other Eriocnemis pufflegs. The decision that it is a new species was published in 2007. Later that year the South American Classification Committee (SACC) of the American Ornithological Society accepted it for the South American list, and worldwide taxonomic systems soon followed suit. The authors of the 2007 publication suggested that the new species, the black-breasted puffleg (E. nigrivestis), and the glowing puffleg (E. vestita) form a superspecies. The gorgeted puffleg is monotypic.
- 学名
- Eriocnemis isabellae
- 命名信息
- Cortés-Diago, Ortega, Mazariegos-Hurtado & Weller, 2007
- 目
- Caprimulgiformes
- 科
- Trochilidae
- 属
- Eriocnemis
分布与栖息地
The gorgeted puffleg is known only from the Serranía del Pinche in the Western Andes of Colombia's Department of Cauca. The habitat is characterized by steep slopes of very humid cloudforest and elfin forest with rocky outcrops and natural clearings. The vegetation is dominated by Andean oak (Quercus humboldtii) with an understory of Ericaceae and several other plant families. In elevation this habitat is found mainly between 2,600 and 2,900 m (8,500 and 9,500 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The movement pattern of the gorgeted puffleg is not known, but seasonal shifts in elevation are believed possible.<p>The gorgeted puffleg feeds on nectar from flowering shrubs in dense vegetation. It has been recorded feeding at Bejaria resinosa, Cavendishia bracteata, Cinchona pubescens, and Faramea flavicans.<p>Nothing is known about the gorgeted puffleg's breeding phenology.<p>As of early 2022, no recordings of gorgeted puffleg vocalizations were available at Xeno-canto or Cornell University's Macaulay Library. Its song is unknown, but a territorial call is described as "a frequently repeated monosyllabic, sharp 'twek'" that is pitched lower than those of others of its genus.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
其他鸟类
Spix's Spinetail
Synallaxis spixi
Medium-sized spinetail found in light woodland, savanna, grassland, and forest edges. Note the gray-brown body contrasting with a rufous crown and wing coverts, and a black throat. Best detected and identified by its song, which is a rapid series of “wit- dje-dje-dje” notes repeated for long periods.
White-throated Rock-Thrush
Monticola gularis
Uncommon throughout most of its range, this elusive rock thrush breeds in rocky hill forest in northeastern China and Russia and migrates down the East Asian coast to winter in southern China and mainland Southeast Asia. Beautiful and distinctive male has a blue crown, orange underparts, and black wings marked with a bright white patch; small white patch on throat is not obvious and difficult to see. Female is brown with scaly markings on her back and breast; she lacks a pale crescent behind the eye. Usually stays low in shrubbery, but male will sing from an exposed perch.
Large-billed Seed-Finch
Sporophila crassirostris
As the name suggests, this seed-finch has a truly massive bill – much larger than any seedeater. Male is all black with a small white wing patch. Bill is pale whitish or silvery. Female is brown with a dark bill. Very similar to Great-billed Seed-Finch, which is slightly larger; thankfully there is limited range overlap. Occurs in lowlands, primarily in scrubby or grassy fields and marshes. Uncommon.
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