Brown-eared Bulbul
Hypsipetes amaurotis
A large grayish songbird that shows considerable plumage variation throughout its range. Regularly found flocking in forested habitats as well as more open environments such as farmland and cities, where its loud vocalizations, long tail, and undulating flight make it conspicuous and distinctive. The Taiwan subspecies (harteri) is gray above, pale below, with chestnut extending from cheek to underparts, where it extends down the belly in streaks. Varied calls are loud and shrill.
识别特征
Reaching a length of about 28 cm (11 in), brown-eared bulbuls are grayish-brown, with brown cheeks (the "brown ears" of the common name) and a long tail. While they prefer forested areas, they readily adapt to urban and rural environments, and their noisy squeaking calls are a familiar sound in most areas of Japan. One author described the song of the brown-eared bulbul as "one of the most unattractive noises made by any bird".
分类信息
The brown-eared bulbul was originally described in the genus Turdus. Later, some authorities placed it in the genus Ixos and then the genus Microscelis, before being re-classified to Hypsipetes in 2010. Alternate names for the brown-eared bulbul include the Asian brown-eared bulbul, chestnut-eared bulbul, and Eurasian brown-eared bulbul.<p>Twelve subspecies are currently recognized:
- 学名
- Hypsipetes amaurotis
- 命名信息
- (Temminck, 1830)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Pycnonotidae
- 属
- Hypsipetes
分布与栖息地
The brown-eared bulbul is common in a very large range that includes the Russian Far East (including Sakhalin), northeastern China, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan, south to Taiwan and the Babuyan and Batanes island chains in the north of the Philippines.<p>Historically, brown-eared bulbuls were migratory birds moving to the southern parts of their range in winter, but they have taken advantage of changes in crops and farming practices in recent decades to overwinter in areas farther north than previously possible. Most brown-eared bulbuls still move south in winter, often forming huge flocks during migration. They are considered agricultural pests in some areas of Japan where they may invade orchards and damage crops such as cabbages, cauliflowers and spinach.
- 迁徙
- Complete migrants
行为
Around five eggs are laid by the female, which then incubates them. Brown-eared bulbuls are frequently parasitized by cuckoos, whose chicks will push bulbul eggs and chicks out of the nest.<p>In summer, brown-eared bulbuls primarily feed on insects, while they mostly take fruits and seeds in the fall and winter. At this time, they also feed on the nectar from Camellia flowers, becoming dusted with yellow pollen in the process. In this way they help to pollinate the flowers at a time of year when there are few insect pollinators around.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- rising
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Square-tailed Drongo
Dicrurus ludwigii
Small drongo with a slightly notched tail. Found in open forest, thick woodland, and thickets. Not as bold or conspicuous as the common Fork-tailed Drongo. Often in pairs. Song is an explosive and highly variable mix of whistles, squeals, and rasps. Similar to Velvet-mantled and Fork-tailed drongos, but with a much less forked tail. Very similar to Shining Drongo, but Square-tailed has less glossy plumage, a redder eye, and prefers drier habitats. Distinguished from black-flycatchers by heavier bill and red eye. Upright posture is unlike other all-black mid-sized birds.
Javan Flowerpecker
Dicaeum sanguinolentum
Small and stout forest-dweller that hops and buzzes about in the canopy like a large, active insect. Note male’s iridescent dark blue back, bright red chest, and black line extending down the white belly. As with many other flowerpeckers, the female is considerably duller, with a red rump patch being the only patch of bright color on her otherwise gray-brown plumage. Endemic to Java, where it inhabits montane and foothill forests. Calls include a short buzzy katydid-like series, high-pitched whistles, and dry clicks.
Cinereous Mourner
Laniocera hypopyrra
Medium-sized gray bird of rainforest midstory. Similar to Screaming Piha and Grayish Mourner, but has small orange spots on the shoulder and narrow yellow eye ring (those species are entirely gray). Perches upright on exposed branches in the midstory of tall rainforest, and can be readily detected by its squeaky, high pitched song and calls.
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