Ultramarine Kingfisher

Tiny resident of tall rainforest. Wary and can be difficult to see well; note distinctive sputtering alarm call, tiny size, plain face, and large white (male) or buffy (female) wing spots. Generally found in pairs near treefall gaps and other places with dense understory; does not follow mixed-species flocks. Forages in low vegetation, rarely venturing more than a meter or two above the ground. Song of male is somewhat similar to Common Scale-backed Antbird, but has thinner quality and does not rise in pitch.

Small olive-yellow flycatcher with black ear patch, gray crown, pinkish lower mandible, and bold, contrasting yellowish wing bars. Sexes similar. Found alone or in pairs, usually at medium to high levels in forest. Occurs in mature humid forest of montane regions. Voice a fast and descending trill “trrrrrr tzee tzee tzee tzee…” Distinguished from Marble-faced Bristle-Tyrant by contrasting black wing coverts and bold yellowish wingbars, pinkish (not gray) lower mandible, and cleaner face. Endemic to the Coastal Cordillera of Venezuela.

Medium to large woodcreeper of humid evergreen and pine-evergreen forest in highlands and foothills. Feeds at all levels on trunks and larger branches, often at bromeliads. Straightish and rather stout bill is dark above and pale below. Note the pale buff spectacles and distinct pale spotting and scalloping on head, breast, and back (populations south of western Honduras lack spotting on back.)