Jerdon's Minivet

A small, grayish-brown hornbill with a pale brow, an obvious casque above the bill (larger in males), and a dual-toned black-and-yellow bill. In flight, note the pale edges on the wings and tail, as well as long central tail feathers. When flying, beats its wings rapidly followed by a short glide. Prefers open woodlands, plantations, gardens, and parks in cities where it feeds on large, fruiting trees. Usually seen in pairs or small groups. The calls include a series of short “kek-kek-kek” notes given in flight and a squealing, hawklike high-pitched “kieeeeu” when perched.

Large, distinctive hummingbird. Males have bright blue underparts with maroon tail and downcurved bill. With a quick view, might be confused with a violetear or Green-backed Hillstar, but tail color and entirely blue underparts are distinctive. Females are grayer on the belly with a grayish mustache stripe; note maroon tail. Occurs in the subtropical zone of the Andes from Venezuela to Ecuador. Visits feeders, but also found in forests and edges.

A medium-sized sunbird. Males are colorful, with green upperparts and hood, a yellow belly, and an orangey-red patch on the chest. Females are drab brownish. Endemic to central Tanzania’s Uluguru Mountains. Found in montane forest, especially clearings and forest edge. Separated from similar sunbirds by range. Female could be mistaken for female Variable Sunbird, but is darker on the throat and breast, making for less contrast with the dark head. The calls include a long, descending whistle and a harsh “chet” that often precedes a very quick jumble of high-pitched notes.