Rufous-and-white Wren
Thryophilus rufalbus
Handsome, medium-sized wren of tropical lowlands and foothills. Favors forest and edge, plantations, and thickets, often near water. Like most wrens, heard more often than seen. Song a haunting series of hollow, quavering hoots, starting and ending with one or more whistled notes. Note the white eyebrow, striped face, bright rusty upperparts, rusty tail, boldly barred black, and whitish throat and breast.
识别特征
The rufous-and-white wren (Thryophilus rufalbus) is a small songbird of the wren family. It is a resident breeding species from southwesternmost Mexico to northern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela. It was formerly placed in the genus Thryothorus (Mann et al., 2006). This large wren breeds in lowlands and foothills from sea level up to 1,500 m (4,900 ft) altitude in dry forests or, in wetter areas, more open scrubby woodland. In Central America, it mainly occurs on the Pacific side of the central mountain ranges Its flask-shaped nest is constructed 2–3 m (6 ft 7 in – 9 ft 10 in) high in a tree or shrub. The female alone incubates the three or four greenish-blue eggs for about two weeks to hatching, and the young fledge in about the same length of time again. The adult rufous-and-white wren is 14–15 cm (5.5–5.9 in) long and weighs 22–25 g (0.78–0.88 oz). It has chestnut brown upperparts with a darker crown, strong white supercilium, brown stripe through the eye and black streaking on the cheeks. The underparts are white, with black barring on the lower belly and brown flanks. The wings and tail are barred with black. Young birds have duller upperparts and buff-tinged underparts. The subspecies T. r. minlosi of the Andean foothills of Venezuela has a greyish tinge to the crown and underparts. The call of this species is a sharp chek or explosive tuck, and the song is a melodious and very distinctive sequence of slow hooting whistles, such as weee, boo, boo, booo, boo, whit. Pairs may duet, with the second bird responding with a purring ou-ou-ou-oouu,u,u,u. The rufous-and-white wren forages actively in low vegetation or on the ground in pairs; it is a shy species more often heard than seen. It mainly eats insects, spiders and other invertebrates During an El Niño-driven food shortage, rufous-and-white wrens were observed killing southern house wren nestlings, possibly to reduce competition for resources.
分类信息
Genus: Thryophilus; Family: Troglodytidae; Order: Passeriformes.
- 学名
- Thryophilus rufalbus
- 命名信息
- (Lafresnaye, 1845)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Troglodytidae
- 属
- Thryophilus
分布与栖息地
- 迁徙
- Vertical migration
行为
Migration pattern: Vertical migration.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Crimson-breasted Flowerpecker
Prionochilus percussus
Tiny and active inhabitant of forest and forest edge in lowlands and foothills. Male is bright blue-gray above and lemony-yellow below, with a distinctive red “bleeding” smudge on the yellow chest; it also has an often inconspicuous orange crown stripe. Female is brownish-yellow above with paler underparts. Both sexes have a distinctive pale moustache stripe, which the similar Yellow-rumped Flowerpecker lacks. Gives sharp buzzy calls, often quickly in succession.
Long-billed Bernieria
Bernieria madagascariensis
Large, long-tailed, long-billed, dull-olive tetraka. Madagascar endemic that is found in rainforest, dry deciduous forest, and locally in spiny forest. Prefers the mid-story, and often joins mixed flocks with tetrakas and other birds. Song is a fairly musical phrase of up-and-down whistles. Call is a rough “trek-trak”. Separated from tetrakas by its larger size and its longer bill and tail. Doesn’t have the pale eye-ring of Spectacled Tetraka or the gray head of Gray-crowned Tetraka. Much more olive-colored than brush-warblers.
Lesser Kestrel
Falco naumanni
Elegant little falcon, often seen in groups. Males are unspotted above with a blue-gray head and similarly-colored patches on the upperwings; also note largely pale underwings. Females have an indistinct moustache and slightly paler cheek, but are otherwise very similar to Eurasian Kestrel. Shape very similar to Eurasian Kestrel but tail slightly shorter and central tail feathers can project slightly. Wings are more rounded and shorter than those of Eurasian Kestrel. Hovers frequently and catches insects on the wing over open terrain. Breeds in noisy colonies on buildings and cliffs.
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