Rufous-and-white Wren
Thryophilus rufalbus
Handsome, medium-sized wren of tropical lowlands and foothills. Favors forest and edge, plantations, and thickets, often near water. Like most wrens, heard more often than seen. Song a haunting series of hollow, quavering hoots, starting and ending with one or more whistled notes. Note the white eyebrow, striped face, bright rusty upperparts, rusty tail, boldly barred black, and whitish throat and breast.
识别特征
The rufous-and-white wren (Thryophilus rufalbus) is a small songbird of the wren family. It is a resident breeding species from southwesternmost Mexico to northern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela. It was formerly placed in the genus Thryothorus (Mann et al., 2006). This large wren breeds in lowlands and foothills from sea level up to 1,500 m (4,900 ft) altitude in dry forests or, in wetter areas, more open scrubby woodland. In Central America, it mainly occurs on the Pacific side of the central mountain ranges Its flask-shaped nest is constructed 2–3 m (6 ft 7 in – 9 ft 10 in) high in a tree or shrub. The female alone incubates the three or four greenish-blue eggs for about two weeks to hatching, and the young fledge in about the same length of time again. The adult rufous-and-white wren is 14–15 cm (5.5–5.9 in) long and weighs 22–25 g (0.78–0.88 oz). It has chestnut brown upperparts with a darker crown, strong white supercilium, brown stripe through the eye and black streaking on the cheeks. The underparts are white, with black barring on the lower belly and brown flanks. The wings and tail are barred with black. Young birds have duller upperparts and buff-tinged underparts. The subspecies T. r. minlosi of the Andean foothills of Venezuela has a greyish tinge to the crown and underparts. The call of this species is a sharp chek or explosive tuck, and the song is a melodious and very distinctive sequence of slow hooting whistles, such as weee, boo, boo, booo, boo, whit. Pairs may duet, with the second bird responding with a purring ou-ou-ou-oouu,u,u,u. The rufous-and-white wren forages actively in low vegetation or on the ground in pairs; it is a shy species more often heard than seen. It mainly eats insects, spiders and other invertebrates During an El Niño-driven food shortage, rufous-and-white wrens were observed killing southern house wren nestlings, possibly to reduce competition for resources.
分类信息
Genus: Thryophilus; Family: Troglodytidae; Order: Passeriformes.
- 学名
- Thryophilus rufalbus
- 命名信息
- (Lafresnaye, 1845)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Troglodytidae
- 属
- Thryophilus
分布与栖息地
- 迁徙
- Vertical migration
行为
Migration pattern: Vertical migration.
保护状况
Population trend: declining.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
African Hobby
Falco cuvierii
Dark, compact, medium-sized falcon. Blue-gray on the back, black on the head, and rufous below. The adults have faint or no streaking below, while immatures have broad streaks. Flight is fast, direct, and powerful. Most active at dawn and dusk. Local and uncommon in a wide variety of habitats, including forest, forest edge, woodland, and savanna. Sometimes hunts over very open habitats like grassland. Gives “kwe” and “keek” calls. Similar in coloration to Taita Falcon, but has a rufous throat and a longer tail. Separated from Eurasian Hobby by the completely rufous underparts.
Unicolored Blackbird
Agelasticus cyanopus
Medium-sized blackbird with a long, thin bill that is found in marshes and reedbeds. Males are all black, whereas females are highly variable across their range. Northern females from Amapá, Pará, Maranhão, and French Guiana are mostly black with an olive belly. Those from southeast Brazil are dark brownish olive above and dark yellow below. Those from central-southern South America are brown above with black streaks, a faint yellow eyebrow, and yellow underparts. The song is a rattle followed by a series of trills.
Black-breasted Boatbill
Machaerirhynchus nigripectus
A fairly small, broad-billed bird of montane forest and edge. Yellow underparts and face with large black chest patch, black upperparts with white wing and undertail markings. Similar to Goldenface and Yellow-breasted Boatbill but the latter is found at lower elevations and both lack the black breast spot. A forceful, slightly wheezy, whistled series, often rising. Phrases interspersed with harsh “jak-jak-jak!” notes.
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