Sharpe's Wren
Cinnycerthia olivascens
A medium-sized, uniformly-colored wren found in the subtropical zone of the Andes from Colombia to northern Peru. Plain brown overall with dark barring on wings and tail. Similar to Rufous Wren, but duller brown and typically found at lower elevations. Occurs from around 1,500-2,500m. Small parties forage in the understory of cloud forest, often around bamboo thickets. Can be skulky and difficult to see well. Sometimes follows mixed-species flocks. Listen for the harsh chattering calls.
识别特征
The sepia-brown wren is 16 cm (6.3 in) long; male weights average 25.9 g (0.91 oz) and female weights 23 g (0.81 oz). Both subspecies are shades of brown. The nominate adult has a grayish brown crown, reddish brown back and rump, and a chesnut tail with blackish bars. It has a variable amount of white on its face. Its chin and throat are pale grayish brown darkening to dark reddish brown on the belly and vent. C. o. bogotensis is much darker overall and has no white on the face. Immatures are like the adults but with a grayish face.
分类信息
The sepia-brown wren was formerly considered a subspecies of Cinnycerthia peruana, which at that time was called sepia-brown wren and is now called Peruvian wren. Sepia-brown wren, Peruvian wren, and fulvous wren (C. fulva) form a superspecies.<p>Usually "daughter" species resulting from splits do not retain the "parent's" English name. That is why the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society (SACC/AOS) and the Clements taxonomy call C. olivascens Sharpe's wren. That common name commemorates the British zoologist Richard Bowdler Sharpe.<p>The sepia-brown wren has two subspecies, the nominate Cinnicerthia olivascens olivascens and C. o. bogotensis.
- 学名
- Cinnycerthia olivascens
- 命名信息
- Sharpe, 1882
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Troglodytidae
- 属
- Cinnycerthia
分布与栖息地
The nominate sepia-brown wren is found from the Central and Western Andes of Colombia south through Ecuador into extreme northern Peru. C. o. bogotensis is restricted to the western slope of Colombia's Eastern Andes. The species inhabits the interior and edges of wet mossy forest and cloudforest. In elevation it generally ranges between 1,500 and 3,100 m (4,900 and 10,200 ft) but is found as low as 900 m (3,000 ft) on the Pacific slope in Colombia.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The sepia-brown wren forages on and near the ground in dense vegetation, often in flocks of up to 10 individuals. Its diet is invertebrates including insects and their larva, snails, and earthworms.<p>The sepia-brown wren is a cooperative breeder consisting of a breeding pair and up to five others. They build and sleep together in a roost nest. The breeding pair lays its eggs in a separate nest, a bulky ball with a down-facing tubular entrance. They are made of rootlets, moss, and bamboo leaves, and are placed in a small shrub or tree.<p>The sepia-brown wren's song is "complex and variable, a series of musical phrases with changing stress" [1]. Its call is "a soft, low 'wurt'" [2].
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Dark-faced Ground-Tyrant
Muscisaxicola maclovianus
Small and rather distinctive terrestrial flycatcher, breeding in the southern Andes at high elevation and migrating north in winter where it can also be found in lowlands. Breeds in open rocky areas, sometimes down to level of open forest. Migrants often in flocks, sometimes a few hundred birds, as on playing fields and beaches. Upperparts relatively dark gray with blackish face mask, and an inconspicuous dark rusty nape patch. Resident Falkland population larger and plainer overall, likely a different species; found on moorland and beaches.
Mid-mountain Berrypecker
Melanocharis longicauda
A small bird of mid-montane forest. Fairly thick-bill, yellowish-tinged underparts, yellow tufts on the sides and a long tail with white outer edge. Female is dark olive above and paler below. Male is black above and grayish below. Similar to other berrypeckers but longer-tailed and shorter billed than Black, lacks the orange in the bill of Obscure and shorter-tailed than Fan-tailed. Voice, a high-pitch, jumbled, twittering song and a thin, whispy call.
Gray-mantled Wren
Odontorchilus branickii
A small, warbler-like wren of Andean cloud forest. Plumage is gray and white with a barred tail and vent, brownish crown, and faint streaking on the head. When seen from below in poor lighting conditions, the barred tail is usually the best feature to look for. Stays high in the canopy and is almost always encountered with mixed-species flocks. Vocalizations are very high-pitched and include gravelly trills and siren-like whistles.
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