Gray-mantled Wren
Odontorchilus branickii
A small, warbler-like wren of Andean cloud forest. Plumage is gray and white with a barred tail and vent, brownish crown, and faint streaking on the head. When seen from below in poor lighting conditions, the barred tail is usually the best feature to look for. Stays high in the canopy and is almost always encountered with mixed-species flocks. Vocalizations are very high-pitched and include gravelly trills and siren-like whistles.
识别特征
The grey-mantled wren is 12 to 13 cm (4.7 to 5.1 in) long; a male O. b. minor weighed 9.0 g (0.32 oz) and a female O. b. branickii 10.2 g (0.36 oz). The nominate adult has a tawny forecrown and a darker brown crown the merges into the gray of its back, which is browner on the rump. The tail is medium gray with prominent black bars and a white bar near the end. It has a faint grayish brown supercilium and the face and sides of the neck are also grayish brown. The throat, breast, and belly are white slightly tinged with buff, and the flanks are grayish. The adult O. b. minor is similar but the barring on the tail is reduced on the central feathers. The juvenile has more of a buff wash on the breast than the adult but is otherwise similar.
分类信息
The grey-mantled wren shares its genus with one other species, the tooth-billed wren (Odontorchilus cinereous). Some authors have suggested that they are conspecific or that they form a superspecies. The grey-mantled wren has two subspecies, the nominate Odontorchilus branickii branickii and O. b. minor.
- 学名
- Odontorchilus branickii
- 命名信息
- (Taczanowski & Berlepsch, 1885)
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Troglodytidae
- 属
- Odontorchilus
分布与栖息地
The nominate grey-mantled wren has a discontinuous range in the southern part of Colombia's Eastern Andes and on the eastern slope of the main Andes through Ecuador and Peru to Bolivia's La Paz Department. In elevation it ranges from 1,200 to 2,300 m (3,900 to 7,500 ft) in Colombia, 1,100 to 1,900 m (3,600 to 6,200 ft) in Ecuador, 750 to 1,800 m (2,460 to 5,910 ft) in Peru, and 1,200 to 1,700 m (3,900 to 5,600 ft) in Bolivia. O. b. minor is found on the west slope of Colombia's Western Andes and far northern Ecuador, mostly between 200 and 500 m (660 and 1,640 ft) but locally as low as 100 m (330 ft). It inhabits the canopy and sub-canopy of humid montane forest.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
No details are known about the grey-mantled wren's diet beyond that the species is insectivorous. It forages 15 to 30 m (49 to 98 ft) up in the canopy by constantly moving along branches while probing moss and lichens for prey. It usually is part of a mixed-species foraging flock.<p>The grey-mantled wren's nest and eggs have not been documented. Its relative the tooth-billed wren is thought to nest in tree cavities, so grey-mantled might do so.<p>The grey-mantled wren's typical song is "a short dry trill". It also sings "a series of whistled notes".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
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Myiagra cyanoleuca
A long-tailed, slender songbird with fine bill. Males dark bluish black above, white below, with a dark bib with concave lower edge (curves downward at edges). Crown and throat equally dark, lending male a hooded appearance. Male Leaden Flycatcher has uniformly dark head, grayish (not blackish) tail feathers, and convex bib edge. Female blue-gray above, with orange throat and breast. Inhabits varied woodlands, perches high in the canopy, often shakes the tail rapidly. Song a repeated two-note whistle; call a loud buzzing “zerp.”
Black-faced Hawk
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Smallish chunky hawk. Identifiable by size, shape, and prominent black mask contrasting with orange cere. Generally rare. Inhabits wet forests where it hunts from the mid-level to the ground; often perches well below canopy level. Takes relatively small prey, chiefly frogs and snakes. Superficially similar to White Hawk but much smaller with orange (not blue-gray) cere; unlike White Hawk, Black-faced tends not to soar for long periods and is less frequently seen than White Hawk.
Ancient Murrelet
Synthliboramphus antiquus
Small seabird with attractive grayscale pattern. Mostly black head set off by white collar, pencil-thin white streaks which form an eyebrow, and gray back. Sides show a scaly pattern. Short bill has a pale yellow tip. All plumages are fairly similar; breeding birds show bolder eyebrow streaks and darker throat. Breeds on offshore islands; found in small flocks on coastal waters. Dives underwater for fish.
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