Eared Poorwill
Nyctiphrynus mcleodii
Small nightjar of brushy oak woodland in foothills and highlands; endemic to west Mexico. Heard far more often than seen. Feeds from perches on the ground (including quiet roads) and in trees. Usually sings from a concealed perch. Sexes look similar: cryptic gray-brown to rusty overall with a rather plain face and throat, white "vicar’s collar," white spots on the wings, and narrow white tail tip. Its "ears" are erectile head feathers rarely visible in the field. Loud, resonant whistled "preeOO" song is repeated steadily.
识别特征
The eared poorwill is 20 to 21 cm (7.9 to 8.3 in) long. Males weigh 30.8 to 37 g (1.1 to 1.3 oz) and females 24 to 35.3 g (0.85 to 1.2 oz). The nominate subspecies' upperparts are grayish with black and white spots on the wings. A white band that is wider on the throat encircles the neck. They have crown feathers that project as "ear tufts". The breast is grayish and the belly buff with white spots. The tail feathers except the central pair have white tips. There is also a rufous morph that has an overall cinnamon to reddish brown color. N. m. rayi has darker and grayer underparts and the white spots on the wings are smaller.
分类信息
The eared poorwill has sometimes been placed in genus Otophanes. Two subspecies, the nominate Nyctiphrynus mcleodii mcleodii and N. m. rayi are recognized by most authorities. However, some authors contend that the latter is invalid.
- 学名
- Nyctiphrynus mcleodii
- 命名信息
- (Brewster, 1888)
- 目
- Caprimulgiformes
- 科
- Caprimulgidae
- 属
- Nyctiphrynus
分布与栖息地
The eared poorwill is found for most of the length of western Mexico. N. m. mcleodii is found from Chihuahua and Sonora south to Jalisco and Colima. N. m. rayi is found in Guerrero and Oaxaca. (All of the records in the last state are between February and May, indicating some seasonal movement.) They mainly inhabit open pine/oak or oak woodland in semi-arid mountainous terrain. They can also be found in wooded gulleys, hillsides below cloudforest, and overgrown fields. In elevation the species ranges mostly from 600 to 2,000 m (2,000 to 6,600 ft) but has been recorded up to 2,500 m (8,200 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The eared poorwill forages for insects by sallying from trees or the ground. Beetles and moths appear to form the bulk of its diet.<p>The eared poorwill apparently breeds between April and June. The clutch of two eggs is laid directly on the ground and both sexes incubate them.<p>The male eared poorwill's song is "a loud, abrupt 'peeyo' or 'peejo' that ends emphatically", and is given at night from a perch or the ground. It also makes "a descending, wavering 'teu-uu-uu'." Calls include "gwik", "wuik", and "chuck" notes.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Yellow-throated Woodpecker
Piculus flavigula
Medium-sized woodpecker with a bright yellow face and red crown. Throat may be yellow or red depending on sex and subspecies. Olive-green above and heavily barred below with bold dark bars on a pale background. Males have a red forehead, yellow in females. Forages in the middle to upper levels of lowland humid forest and forest edges. Often accompanies mixed-species flocks. The call is a very hoarse “vrahhh.”
American Three-toed Woodpecker
Picoides dorsalis
Inconspicuous and uncommon woodpecker of coniferous forests, particularly spruces, often at high elevations (especially in the Rockies). Prefers recently burned areas or bogs with many dead trees. Distinctive habit of flaking bark off trees in search of grubs; behavior shared only by Black-backed Woodpecker. Generally dark with barred flanks and subtle white spots on wings and back. Face is black with white stripes above and below the eye and white speckles on the forehead. Eastern birds darker than western birds. Males show yellow patch on crown; sexes otherwise alike. Most similar to Black-backed Woodpecker but American Three-toed always shows some white on back and more white on head. Listen for soft, hollow "pweek" call and slow drumming that fades at the end.
Oriental Reed Warbler
Acrocephalus orientalis
In breeding range, this large, long-billed songster of expansive reedbeds can often be seen perched on top of a stalk belting its heart out, but on wintering grounds, it is more likely to be detected by a harsh, grating rattling from deep within the vegetation. Unremarkably plumaged, brown above, paler below, with a weak white supercilium and a short bristly crest, occasionally raised. Compare with other large reed warblers, especially Clamorous Reed Warbler.
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