Gray-breasted Mountain-Toucan
Andigena hypoglauca
Stunning, ornately-colored toucan of high Andean cloud forest. While the general plumage pattern is similar to other mountain-toucans, the multicolored coral, black, and yellow-striped bill separates it from all others. Eye is yellow in most of Peru, dark elsewhere in its range. Typically encountered in pairs or small groups that forage in the forest canopy. Often noisy, giving long, rising screams or short, excited yaps.
识别特征
The grey-breasted mountain toucan is 41 to 48 cm (16 to 19 in) long and weighs 244 to 370 g (8.6 to 13 oz). Males and females within each subspecies have the same plumage, and the two subspecies have the same bill pattern though the female's bill is shorter. The bill's base is yellow to greenish with a black band near the base. The maxilla's outer 2/3 is red, meeting the yellow diagonally. The mandible's outer half is black. Both subspecies have a black cap, face, and nape; a gray-blue band on the hindneck; a greenish brown back; and gray to gray-blue underparts. Their tail is blackish with chestnut tips on the two or three central pairs of feathers. The nominate subspecies has a bright yellow rump, pale gray-blue flanks, chestnut thighs, and red undertail coverts. Its eye is brown and surrounded by bare blue skin. Subspecies A. h. lateralis has a paler yellow rump than the nominate, pale yellow to gray-white flanks, and a yellow to green eye.
分类信息
The grey-breasted mountain toucan was originally described in the genus Pteroglossus. Two subspecies are recognized, the nominate:
- 学名
- Andigena hypoglauca
- 命名信息
- (Gould, 1833)
- 目
- Piciformes
- 科
- Ramphastidae
- 属
- Andigena
分布与栖息地
The nominate subspecies of grey-breasted mountain toucan is found from central and southern Colombia into eastern Ecuador. A. h. lateralis is found from eastern Ecuador south well into Peru. The species inhabits wet temperate montane forest including cloud, elfin, and secondary forest. In elevation it mostly ranges between 2,200 and 3,650 m (7,200 and 12,000 ft) though it is found as low as 1,500 m (4,900 ft) in Peru and 1,700 m (5,600 ft) in Ecuador.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
The grey-breasted mountain toucan is not known to have a pattern of movement.<p>The grey-breasted mountain toucan forages from near the ground up to the forest's canopy, singly, in pairs, or in small groups that might be extended families. It sometimes joins mixed-species foraging flocks. Its diet is known to include fruit and berries and is assumed to also include some vertebrates.<p>The grey-breasted mountain toucan's breeding season spans from December to February in Colombia and from June or July to November in Ecuador and Peru. Nothing else is known about its breeding biology.<p>The grey-breasted mountain toucan's song is a "low 'gweeeeeeeat'". Its calls include "wek" notes made singly or in a series, and "kek" notes in alarm or aggression. Songs and calls can include "bill-whacking".
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Azure-crowned Hummingbird
Saucerottia cyanocephala
Medium-sized hummingbird of oak and pine-oak woodlands and adjacent shrubby clearings; also local in lowland pine savannas. Sexes look alike and often look rather dull overall, despite the name. Note the whitish throat and breast offset by a dusky vest, and the dusky brownish rump and tail. Crown and sides of head are blue (rarely catching the light), with a white spot behind the eye and some red at base of bill.
Speckled Nightingale-Thrush
Catharus maculatus
Small, attractively patterned thrush of tropical and subtropical evergreen forest in foothills and subtropics. Usually elusive and heard far more often than seen. Feeds mainly on the ground, but also in fruiting bushes and trees. Sings from low to middle level perches. Plumage distinctive: black head, contrasting orange eyering, bill, and legs, and yellow underparts with dusky spotting. Song distinctive: slow, fluty, whistled phrases, given in a varied series. Occurs on both slopes of the Andes from western Venezuela to northern Argentina. Similar to Yellow-throated Nightingale-Thrush but no range overlap.
Capped Conebill
Conirostrum albifrons
Small tanager-like bird found in the subtropical zone of the Andes from Venezuela to Bolivia. Sharp pointed bill. Male is dark blackish overall with cobalt highlights shoulder and rump, and a blue (south) or white (north) crown. Female very different: olive above with gray head and chest and yellow belly. Her blue crown can be difficult to see. Even in poor light, easily picked out of a mixed-species flock by its frequent tail pumping.
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