Lined Forest-Falcon
Micrastur gilvicollis
Fierce-looking raptor of lowland rainforest interior east of the Andes; also ranges up into the foothills in a few areas. Gray with dense barring from throat to breast and an orange face (yellow in younger birds). Similar to Barred Forest-Falcon but usually has a darker orange face and little or no barring on lower underparts. Stays inside forest and is heard far more often than seen. Call is two or three nasal honks, repeated every few seconds.
识别特征
The lined forest falcon is 33 to 38 cm (13 to 15 in) long and weighs 170 to 262 g (6.0 to 9.2 oz). It has pale gray upperparts. Its white underparts have highly variable gray barring, from light gray only on the breast to heavy bars on the entire underparts. Its tail is dark gray with a white tip and two narrow white bars. Its iris is white surrounded by bare reddish orange skin and its legs and feet are yellow.
分类信息
Until 1972 what is now the lined forest falcon was considered a subspecies of the barred forest falcon (M. ruficollis); the treatment as a full species was confirmed in 2019. (In the mid-20th century some previous authors had treated it as a species.) What is now the cryptic forest falcon (M. mintoni) was a population of the lined forest falcon until 2002 when vocal studies and specimen analyses determined it was a separate species. The plumbeous forest falcon (M. plumbeus) has sometimes been considered a subspecies of the lined forest falcon.<p>The lined forest falcon is monotypic.
- 学名
- Micrastur gilvicollis
- 命名信息
- (Vieillot, 1817)
- 目
- Falconiformes
- 科
- Falconidae
- 属
- Micrastur
分布与栖息地
The lined forest falcon is found in the Amazon Basin from eastern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, and northern Bolivia east through Venezuela, the Guianas, and northern Brazil to the Atlantic coast. It mostly inhabits the interior of intact tropical primary forest, though it occurs in lower density in secondary forest and forest edges. In Colombia and Ecuador it prefers terra firme forest. In elevation it ranges from near sea level to 1,600 m (5,200 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
行为
As far as is known the lined forest falcon is a year-round resident throughout its range.<p>The lined forest falcon hunts mostly in the forest understorey. Its diet has not been described in detail but is known to include lizards, large insects, birds, snakes, and small mammals. It sometimes follows army ant swarms.<p>Essentially nothing is known about the lined forest falcon's breeding biology. It is probably similar to that of the barred forest falcon, which see here.<p>The lined forest falcon's most common vocalization is a series of "nasal "cow-káh", "cow káw-káw" or "cow káw-káw-káw""notes. It typically calls before dawn and during wet weather.
保护状况
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Belted Kingfisher
Megaceryle alcyon
Stocky and large-headed with a shaggy crest. Bill is long, straight, thick, and pointed. Powder blue above with white underparts and blue breast band. Females have additional rusty band across belly. Almost always solitary, perched along edges of streams, lakes, and estuaries. Flies along rivers and shorelines giving loud rattling calls. Hunts for fish by plunging headfirst into the water, either directly from a perch or hovering.
Black-winged Ground Dove
Metriopelia melanoptera
Rather plain, medium-sized dove of the Andes and foothills. Often fairly common on open grassy and stony slopes, at bogs, around animal corrals, and villages in agricultural areas. Usually in pairs or flocks, sometimes mixed with sierra finches and other seed-eating birds. Feeds on ground, but often perches on prominent rocks; flushes with a loud rattling wing whistle. Note diagnostic orange teardrop under eye and white “shoulder” flashes that show best in flight. Smaller than Eared Dove, without big black spots on wings.
Rubeho Akalat
Sheppardia aurantiithorax
A rather small, demure understory denizen resembling a cross between a robin and a flycatcher. Mostly dull brown above, with an olive-brown crown and richer orange-brown underparts. Juvenile is more mottled. A highly local bird, found singly and in pairs in the understory of primary and secondary montane forest in a narrow range along the Rubeho and Ukaguru (and possibly Uluguru) mountains escarpment between 1800 and 2200 meters. Sits for long periods, sallying to catch insect prey, or forages on the ground, often in the company of ants and other ant-following birds. Sings a simple high-pitched “tsoot-tseeet-soo-seeet” and other similar songs. Calls include an invariable piping “wheet” uttered once a second. Alarm call is a grating, ticking “drrrzzt, drrrt, drrrt.” May be mistaken for a flycatcher, but its furtive nature and preference for thick understory are unique within its range.
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