Plushcap
Catamblyrhynchus diadema
This distinctive little sprite is uncommon in the understory of the upper subtropical and temperate zones in the Andes, especially around patches of bamboo. It is rich rufous below and steely gray above with a shining yellow forecrown. Also note the stout dark bill. Sexes similar. Usually found in pairs or small groups, almost always following a mixed-species flock.
识别特征
The plushcap is about 14 cm (5.5 in) long and males weigh on average 14.9 g (0.53 oz) and females 13.4 g (0.47 oz). It has a chestnut body and a golden-yellow forecrown (the plush part of the name). From its nape to its wings, it is black. The males and females look similar but the males are slightly larger than the females.<p>The subspecies C. d. citrinifrons is found in Peru and has a paler cap while C. d. federalis is found in coastal Venezuela and is brighter than C. d. diadema.<p>While the plushcap is usually quiet, when it does vocalize it has a long series of chirps and twitters.
分类信息
The plushcap was formally described in 1842 by the French ornithologist Frédéric de Lafresnaye from a specimen collected in Colombia. Lafresnaye introduced a new genus Catamblyrhynchus and coined the binomial name Catamblyrhynchus diadema. The genus name combines the Ancient Greek katambluoō meaning "to blunt" and rhunkhos meaning "bill". The specific epithet is from the Latin diadema which in turn comes from the Ancient Greek diadēma meaning "royal head-dress". The type locality is Bogotá in Colombia. The plushcap was at one time placed in the family Emberizidae but molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that it belongs in the tanager family Thraupidae.<p>Three subspecies are recognised:
- 学名
- Catamblyrhynchus diadema
- 命名信息
- Lafresnaye, 1842
- 目
- Passeriformes
- 科
- Thraupidae
- 属
- Catamblyrhynchus
分布与栖息地
Plushcaps prefer to live in montane forest or secondary woodland by Chusquea bamboo which they use to find food. They stay at high elevation, between 2,300–3,500 m (7,500–11,500 ft).
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
Plushcaps are considered of least concern due to their wide range in South America but it is thought that the number of individuals is declining. They tend to be common in their range.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
鸟叫声
其他鸟类
Malayan Whistling-Thrush
Myophonus robinsoni
Dark bluish thrush-like bird with a bright yellow bill. Found solely in the highlands of peninsular Malaysia. Lacks “spangled” look of Blue Whistling-Thrush. Found in hilly or montane forests, where it favors wet stony areas around streams or gullies. Call is a high sharp whistle, somewhat akin to brakes squealing.
Streak-chested Antpitta
Hylopezus perspicillatus
A plump ball on sticks. Fairly common and easily heard, but shy and rarely seen in the open. Striking plumage: bold buffy eyering, gray crown, black mustache stripe, thick black and white streaking on underparts, and buffy spots on wings. Singles or pairs are found on or near the ground in mature lowland forest from Honduras to Ecuador. Occasionally perches higher when singing. Listen for its song, a short series of plaintive whistled notes.
Sungrebe
Heliornis fulica
Retiring, small swimming bird of tropical lowlands. It’s not a grebe and it doesn’t like the sun; instead it favors slow-moving shady streams, mangroves, quiet ponds, and lake edges. Swims with a slight head-jerking motion and flies off low over the water when disturbed or climbs up into low branches and tangles; does not dive. The striped head and neck and stout pointed bill are distinctive. The cheeks are white on the male and orangish on the female.
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