Blue-backed Parrot
Tanygnathus everetti
A bright green parrot with a large bill that is orange in males and horn-colored in females and juveniles. Endemic to lowland and foothill forests in the Philippines; now rare and localized due to habitat loss and trapping. Differs from Blue-naped Parrot in the absence of a pale tail tip and yellow underwings. Vocal, giving a loud nasal high-pitched “klee-oo” as well as “kew” and explosive “kyow” calls in flight. Often active and vocal at night.
识别特征
It is of medium size (32 cm), primarily green with yellowish edging to the wings, a blue rump, and blue wing bends. The head, mantle, wings and tail are darker green, the belly and collar are lighter green. It is sexually dimorphic, with the male having a red beak and the female a pale yellow or horn colored beak.
分类信息
It was previously conspecific with the azure-rumped parrot (T. sumatranus), but was split as a distinct species by the IUCN Red List and BirdLife International in 2020, and the International Ornithological Congress followed suit in 2022. It can be differentiated from the azure-rumped parrot by its blue back and red iris vs. the azure-rumped parrot's yellow iris and plain green back.<p>There are four subspecies:.<p>Recent studies published by the Oriental Bird Club, suggest that the evertti, duponti and freeri be lumped into one subspecies. Other sources recommend that burbidgii be further studied and possibly be elevated to a full species level.
- 学名
- Tanygnathus everetti
- 命名信息
- Tweeddale, 1877
- 目
- Psittaciformes
- 科
- Psittaculidae
- 属
- Tanygnathus
分布与栖息地
Very little is known about the ecology of the species, albeit it is likely to occur in similar habitats to the Azure-rumped parrot. The species may therefore occur across tropical, lowland, and montane forests, as well as mangrove swamps and degraded forests being most common below 500 meters above sea level.
- 迁徙
- Resident species
保护状况
IUCN has assessed this bird as Endangered with population estimates being estimated at 250-999 mature individuals remaining. Others suggest that the population with the Oriental Bird may be even lower citing "the Blue-backed Parrot is represented by a population of potentially far fewer than 300 birds, and a reasonable precaution would place this below 250 and allow the species to be registered as Critically Endangered." This bird is already listed as critically endangered under the National List of Threatened Terrestrial Fauna of the Philippines.<p>These population counts may be even lowered if the Sulu subspecies burdbdgii is elevated to the full species level.<p>Conservation actions proposed are surveys across the range of the species are urgently needed to assess the current population any ecological requirement and the impact of trade. Lowland forests across parts of the species's former range, including Luzon and Catanduanes also require ongoing monitoring. Methods of conservation and site protection in Samar and Mindanao must also continue. Instate biodiversity reserves or protected areas across the watersheds and mineral reserves of Dinagat Islands, where large parrots have previously been observed.<p>A captive-breeding program requires urgent initiation. Captive birds of the two forms everetti and burbidgii must be sought out and acquired for management under government licence, bringing together a multidisciplinary team to oversee the work and develop an integrated ex-situ/in-situ conservation plan. Both subspecies must be kept separate in order to prevent potential Hybridization if or once these studies prove that they are a different species.
- 种群趋势
- declining
照片
分布
其他鸟类
Blue Pitta
Hydrornis cyaneus
Only the male of this rotund ground-dweller is truly blue; the female only has a hint of blue on the rump and tail. Male is brilliant and eye-catching if seen well: sky-blue on the back with a polka-dotted light blue breast and belly. Female has gray-brown wings and finely barred white underparts. Both sexes boast a pale face and a thin black eyebrow, above which flames a lava-red crown (darker in males than in females). Forages on the densely-vegetated floor of forests from the lowlands up into montane regions, often in gorges, in ravines, and near streams. Song is a liquid ‘cho’mew-wit!’, with a clipped-sounding last note.
Rufous-crowned Prinia
Prinia khasiana
Very long-tailed prinia of hilly and montane areas, descending to foothills in winter. Note rufous crown, warm brown upperparts and sides, and gray cheeks and pale belly. Breeding adult’s white moustache stripe, black throat and chest are unmistakable. Non-breeding has prominent white brow, pale throat, and finely streaked chest. Favors scrubby, open areas. Non-breeding plumage somewhat similar to Striated Prinia, but Rufous-crowned has unstreaked upperparts and white eyebrow. Song is a repetitive series of “plik” notes. Call is a mournful, descending “piuu”.
Bonin Petrel
Pterodroma hypoleuca
Medium-sized, long-tailed graceful seabird, breeding on outer islands of Japan. Grayish above, whitish below, with blackish “M” pattern in upperwing, blackish cap or cowl, and bold black bars in white underwing that form a unique pattern (with extensive black in the primaries). Black-winged Petrel has much narrower black bars in underwing and blackish trailing edge to upperwing. Plumage may also resemble much larger Hawaiian Petrel, but Hawaiian has darker crown and narrower black bars in underwing.
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